The island of Crete is a biodiversity hotspot having 223 endemic vascular taxa (species and subspecies) as a result of its long isolation and the wide range of habitats it includes. We explore trends and patterns in the electronic trade of these unique genetic resources and in their involvement in wildlife tourism, the ways these two activities are performed and the associated potential threats on the plants’ wild populations, and we also identify priority taxa requiring special attention. The main part of the study was conducted in 2016–2017 using English as a search language; an additional search was conducted in 2019 using German and French. We found e-commerce for 28 (13%) endemic taxa. These are traded by 65 nurseries from 14 countries, the UK primarily. Among the traded plants, 16 face extinction risk and/or are under protection status. Prices vary largely for the same taxon and form of sale. Lamiaceae is the family with the highest number of e-traded taxa, Tulipa bakeri is the most traded species, and the living plant is the commonest form of sale. Thirty-seven endemic taxa are advertised in the websites of travel agencies involved in wildlife tourism. Tulipa doerfleri is the most frequently encountered taxon in these websites, whereas Lamiaceae, Liliaceae and Orchidaceae are similarly represented. The additional search showed a very rapid increase in the e-trade of the Cretan endemis. The two examined markets are similar in that geophytes play a prominent role and Lamiaceae rank first among the represented plant families, but differ in several aspects: only 22.6% of the taxa detected are common in both, obedience to rules exhibited by travel agencies is not usually the case with nurseries, and potential threats to wild populations are estimated as considerably higher for the traded plants. Sixteen endemic taxa of Crete were identified as requiring special attention.

中文翻译：

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电子贸易和野生动植物旅游中克里特岛的特有植物：目前的模式及其对保护的影响

克里特岛是一个生物多样性热点，由于其长期的隔离和广泛的栖息地，具有223个地方性血管类群（物种和亚种）。我们探索了这些独特遗传资源的电子贸易趋势以及它们在野生动植物旅游中的参与，这两种活动的进行方式以及对植物野生种群的潜在威胁，并且还确定了需要特别注意的优先类群。该研究的主要部分于2016-2017年进行，使用英语作为搜索语言。另外的搜索是在2019年使用德语和法语进行的。我们发现了28种（13％）地方性分类单元的电子商务。这些商品主要来自英国14个国家/地区的65个苗圃。在贸易中的植物中，有16个面临灭绝的风险和/或处于保护状态。同一分类单元和销售形式的价格差异很大。唇形科是电子交易类群数量最多的科，郁金香木属是交易最多的物种，而活植物是最常见的销售形式。在涉及野生动植物旅游的旅行社的网站上刊登了37种地方生物分类的广告。郁金香是这些网站中最常遇到的分类群，而唇形科，百合科和兰科则是类似的代表。额外的搜索显示，克里特岛地方病的电子贸易增长非常迅速。这两个被调查的市场相似，在它们代表的植物家族中，地球上的植物起着显着的作用，而唇形科则排名第一，但是在几个方面有所不同：在这两个物种中，只有22.6％的分类单元是共同的，苗圃通常不遵守旅行社的规定，据估计，对野生植物而言，对野生种群的潜在威胁要大得多。克里特岛的十六种地方生物分类被确定需要特别注意。