Alcohol is one of the most commonly consumed neurotoxins by humans. Its negative effect on bone health is known for a long time. However, its impact on qualitative and quantitative 2D characteristics of the compact bone is still unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate in detail the effects of subchronic alcohol exposure on compact and trabecular bone tissues microstructure of laboratory mice using 2D and 3D imaging methods. Ten clinically healthy 12 weeks-old mice (males) were randomly divided into two groups. Animals from experimental group (group E; n = 5) drank a solution composed of 15% ethanol and water (1.7 g 100% ethanol kg−1 b.w. per day) for 8 weeks, while those from control group (group C; n = 5) drank only water. Subchronic exposure to alcohol leads to several changes in qualitative 2D characteristics of the compact bone such as the presence of primary vascular radial bone tissue in pars anterior of endosteal border and a higher number of resorption lacunae (five times more) in the middle part of substantia compacta. Morphometrical 2D evaluations of the compact bone showed significantly increased sizes of primary osteons’ vascular canals (p < 0.05) in mice from the experimental group (E group). Sizes of Haversian canals and secondary osteons were not affected by alcohol consumption. In mice from the E group, significantly lower values for relative bone volume and bone mineral density of the compact bone were observed. In the trabecular bone, decreased values for bone volume, trabecular number, trabecular thickness and bone surface (p < 0.05) were documented. Alcohol decreased not only bone volume and density of the compact bone, but it also reduced trabecular bone volume and leads to trabecular thinning. It caused vasodilation of primary osteons’ vascular canals and increased porosity in the compact bone.

中文翻译：

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亚慢性暴露于酒精的小鼠的紧密和小梁骨组织的微观结构变化

酒精是人类最常用的神经毒素之一。它对骨骼健康的负面影响已为人所知。然而，其对致密骨的定性和定量二维特征的影响仍然不清楚。因此，本研究的目的是使用2D和3D成像方法详细研究亚慢性乙醇暴露对实验小鼠的紧凑型和小梁骨组织显微结构的影响。将十只临床健康的12周龄小鼠（雄性）随机分为两组。实验组（E组； n = 5）的动物喝了由15％乙醇和水组成的溶液（每天1.7 g 100％乙醇kg-1 bw），持续了8周，而对照组（C组； n = 5）只喝水。亚慢性暴露于酒精会导致致密骨的定性2D特征发生一些变化，例如在骨膜内边界的前部存在主要的血管radial骨组织，并且在黑质中部存在更多的吸收性腔隙（多五倍） Compacta。紧密骨的形态计量学2D评价显示，实验组（E组）小鼠的原骨骨血管腔尺寸明显增加（p <0.05）。哈弗氏管和继发骨的大小不受饮酒的影响。在E组的小鼠中，观察到紧密骨的相对骨体积和骨矿物质密度的值明显较低。在骨小梁中，骨体积，骨小梁数目，骨小梁厚度和骨表面的值降低（p <0。05）记录下来。酒精不仅减少了骨量和致密骨的密度，而且减少了小梁的骨量并导致小梁变薄。它引起了原骨的血管扩张，致密骨的孔隙率增加。