The plasma membrane (PM) spatiotemporal organization is one of the major factors controlling cell signaling and whole-cell homeostasis. The PM lipids, including cholesterol, determine the physicochemical properties of the membrane bilayer and thus play a crucial role in all membrane-dependent cellular processes. It is known that lipid content and distribution in the PM are not random, and their transversal and lateral organization is highly controlled. Mainly sphingolipid- and cholesterol-rich lipid nanodomains, historically referred to as rafts, are extremely dynamic “hot spots” of the PM controlling the function of many cell surface proteins and receptors. In the first part of this review, we will focus on the recent advances of PM investigation and the current PM concept. In the second part, we will discuss the importance of several classes of ABC transporters whose substrates are lipids for the PM organization and dynamics. Finally, we will briefly present the significance of lipid ABC transporters for immune responses.

中文翻译：

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ABC转运蛋白是否调节质膜组织？

质膜（PM）的时空组织是控制细胞信号传导和全细胞稳态的主要因素之一。PM脂质（包括胆固醇）决定了双层膜的物理化学性质，因此在所有依赖膜的细胞过程中都起着至关重要的作用。众所周知，PM中的脂质含量和分布不是随机的，并且其横向和横向组织受到高度控制。富含鞘脂和胆固醇的脂质纳米域（历史上称为筏）主要是PM的动态极强“热点”，它控制着许多细胞表面蛋白和受体的功能。在本文的第一部分，我们将重点介绍PM研究的最新进展和当前的PM概念。在第二部分中 我们将讨论几类ABC转运蛋白的重要性，这些转运蛋白的底物是脂类对于PM组织和动力学的影响。最后，我们将简要介绍脂质ABC转运蛋白对免疫反应的重要性。