As an important player in DNA damage response, BRCA1 maintains genomic stability and suppresses tumorigenesis by promoting DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair through homologous recombination (HR). Since the cloning of BRCA1 gene, many Brca1 mutant alleles have been generated in mice. Mice carrying homozygous Brca1 mutant alleles are embryonic lethal, suggesting that BRCA1’s functions are important for embryonic development. Studies of embryonic development in Brca1 mutant mice not only reveal the physiological significance of BRCA1’s known function in HR, but also lead to the discovery of BRCA1’s new function in HR: regulation of DSB repair pathway choice.

中文翻译：

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BRCA1和同源重组：小鼠胚胎发育的影响。

作为DNA损伤反应的重要参与者，BRCA1通过促进DNA双链断裂（DSB）通过同源重组（HR）的修复来维持基因组稳定性并抑制肿瘤发生。自克隆BRCA1基因以来，已在小鼠中产生了许多Brca1突变等位基因。携带纯合子Brca1突变等位基因的小鼠具有胚胎致死性，这表明BRCA1的功能对于胚胎发育很重要。Brca1突变小鼠胚胎发育的研究不仅揭示了BRCA1在HR中的已知功能的生理意义，而且还导致发现了BRCA1在HR中的新功能：调节DSB修复途径的选择。