In 2006, a new model of invasive breast tumor emerged and, since 2011, is gaining recognition and research momentum. “Tumor-associated collagen signatures” describe 3 distinct layers of collagen which radiate outward in shells from the main body of the tumor. The outermost layer (TACS3) features branches of collagen radiating away from the tumor, 90° perpendicular to the tumor surface. TACS3 increases tumor span and correlates directly with metastasis, though presently difficult to detect in breast tissue. TACS is an emerging model but has been validated by multiple labs in vitro and in vivo, specifically for breast cancer prognostics. Newly recognized and accepted tumor borders will impact both R0 resections and downstream surgical reconstruction. This review aims to comprehensively introduce and connect the ranging literature on linearized collagen of invasive tumor borders. Using PubMed keyword searches containing “aligned,” “linear,” “oriented,” and “organized,” we have gathered the studies on TACS, integrated the concept into the clinic, and projected future platforms.

中文翻译：

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肿瘤相关胶原特征：推动肿瘤边界

2006年，一种新的浸润性乳腺肿瘤模型出现，自2011年起获得认可和研究动力。“肿瘤相关胶原蛋白特征”描述了 3 层不同的胶原蛋白，它们从肿瘤主体向外辐射。最外层 (TACS3) 具有远离肿瘤放射的胶原分支，与肿瘤表面成 90° 垂直。TACS3 增加了肿瘤跨度并与转移直接相关，尽管目前难以在乳腺组织中检测到。TACS 是一种新兴模型，但已通过多个体外和体内实验室的验证，特别是用于乳腺癌预后。新认识和接受的肿瘤边界将影响 R0 切除和下游手术重建。本综述旨在全面介绍和连接有关浸润性肿瘤边界线性化胶原的测距文献。使用包含“对齐”、“线性”、“定向”和“组织”的 PubMed 关键字搜索，我们收集了关于 TACS 的研究，将该概念整合到临床中，并预测了未来的平台。