Polyimides form an important class of high-performance polymers. Polyamides with aromatic macromolecular architecture have revealed excellent conducting, mechanical, and thermal properties for aerospace, automotive, electronics, and other technical industries. Recently, polyimide nanofiber and polyimide nanocomposite nanofiber have been focused for fabrication, essential physical features, and subsequent performance. Due to diversity of dianhydrides, diamines, and reinforced nanoparticles, various polyimide nanocomposite nanofibers have been judiciously designed. This comprehensive review highlights indispensable perspectives of polyimide nanocomposite nanofiber particularly polyimide/graphene, polyimide/carbon nanotube, and polyimide/inorganic nanoparticle-based nanofibers. It is envisioned that nanocomposite nanofibers have various high-value applications such as membranes, battery separators, electrodes, etc.

聚酰亚胺是一类重要的高性能聚合物。具有芳香族大分子结构的聚酰胺在航空航天，汽车，电子和其他技术行业具有出色的导电，机械和热学性能。近来，聚酰亚胺纳米纤维和聚酰亚胺纳米复合纳米纤维已经集中于制造，基本的物理特征和随后的性能。由于二酐，二胺和增强的纳米颗粒的多样性，已经明智地设计了各种聚酰亚胺纳米复合纳米纤维。这项全面的综述突出了聚酰亚胺纳米复合纳米纤维特别是聚酰亚胺/石墨烯，聚酰亚胺/碳纳米管和聚酰亚胺/无机纳米粒子基纳米纤维必不可少的观点。