ABSTRACT Waste from fruit processing can be used for obtaining additives as colorants and antioxidant compounds by extraction processes. Despite there are many works optimizing parameters as temperature and solvent concentration during this process, the mixture of solvents has not been optimized yet. Therefore, the present work aimed to find the optimum solvent mixture among water, ethanol, and acetone to obtain the maximum yields of phenolic compounds and monomeric anthocyanins from blue berry and grape marc by ultrasound-assisted extraction. For that, the Reticular Simplex Mixtures Design was used to obtain the models that can predict the optimum values of extraction yields. As a result, the quadratic model successfully fit the experimental data, demonstrating the best mixture solvents were the ones that presented a high percentage of water. This result was obtained not only for phenolic compound, but also for monomeric anthocyanin extraction from blue berry and grape marc. Further, using the optimum mixture, values of 502.2 GAE/100 g of phenolic compound and 1349.1 mg/100 g of monomeric anthocyanins from blue berry and 2642.4 GAE/100 g of phenolic compounds and 31.5 mg/100 of monomeric anthocyanins from grape marc were obtained. In conclusion, the optimum solvent demonstrated to be efficient extracting both components increasing the extraction yields and reducing the cost of extraction. Finally, by overlapping the optimization plot, a unique solvent mixture for obtaining a high yield of phenolic compound and anthocyanins at the same time from blue berry and grape marc was obtained.

中文翻译：

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优化超声辅助提取蓝莓和葡萄渣酚类成分和花青素的混合设计

摘要 水果加工产生的废物可用于通过提取过程获得添加剂，如着色剂和抗氧化化合物。尽管在此过程中进行了许多优化温度和溶剂浓度等参数的工作，但尚未优化溶剂混合物。因此，目前的工作旨在寻找水、乙醇和丙酮之间的最佳溶剂混合物，以通过超声辅助提取从蓝莓和葡萄渣中获得最大产量的酚类化合物和单体花青素。为此，使用网状单工混合物设计来获得可以预测提取率最佳值的模型。结果，二次模型成功地拟合了实验数据，证明最好的混合溶剂是那些呈现高比例水的溶剂。这一结果不仅适用于酚类化合物，也适用于从蓝莓和葡萄渣中提取单体花青素。此外，使用最佳混合物，502.2 GAE/100 g 蓝莓酚类化合物和 1349.1 mg/100 g 单体花青素和 2642.4 GAE/100 g 酚类化合物和 31.5 mg/100 葡萄果渣单体花青素的值为获得。总之，最佳溶剂被证明可以有效地提取两种组分，从而提高提取率并降低提取成本。最后，通过重叠优化图，获得了一种独特的溶剂混合物，可同时从蓝莓和葡萄渣中获得高产率的酚类化合物和花青素。也用于从蓝莓和葡萄果渣中提取单体花青素。此外，使用最佳混合物，502.2 GAE/100 g 蓝莓酚类化合物和 1349.1 mg/100 g 单体花青素和 2642.4 GAE/100 g 酚类化合物和 31.5 mg/100 葡萄果渣单体花青素的值为获得。总之，最佳溶剂被证明可以有效地提取两种组分，从而提高提取率并降低提取成本。最后，通过重叠优化图，获得了一种独特的溶剂混合物，可同时从蓝莓和葡萄渣中获得高产率的酚类化合物和花青素。也用于从蓝莓和葡萄果渣中提取单体花青素。此外，使用最佳混合物，502.2 GAE/100 g 蓝莓酚类化合物和 1349.1 mg/100 g 单体花青素和 2642.4 GAE/100 g 酚类化合物和 31.5 mg/100 葡萄果渣单体花青素的值为获得。总之，最佳溶剂被证明可以有效地提取两种组分，从而提高提取率并降低提取成本。最后，通过重叠优化图，获得了一种独特的溶剂混合物，可同时从蓝莓和葡萄渣中获得高产率的酚类化合物和花青素。得到1mg/100g来自蓝莓的单体花青苷和2642.4GAE/100g酚类化合物和31.5mg/100g来自葡萄渣的单体花青苷。总之，最佳溶剂被证明可以有效地提取两种组分，从而提高提取率并降低提取成本。最后，通过重叠优化图，获得了一种独特的溶剂混合物，可同时从蓝莓和葡萄渣中获得高产率的酚类化合物和花青素。得到1mg/100g来自蓝莓的单体花青苷和2642.4GAE/100g酚类化合物和31.5mg/100g来自葡萄渣的单体花青苷。总之，最佳溶剂被证明可以有效地提取两种组分，从而提高提取率并降低提取成本。最后，通过重叠优化图，获得了一种独特的溶剂混合物，可同时从蓝莓和葡萄渣中获得高产率的酚类化合物和花青素。