ABSTRACT

Samples of PM_2.5 particulates were collected from indoor air of 36 cafés, 14 cafés in which only water pipe (WS) was used, eight in which only cigarette was smoked (CC), six in which both waterpipe and cigarette were smoked (WCC), and eight cafés in which no smoking occurred (SFC) in Tehran. After that, the concentration of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), nickel(Ni), and chromium (Cr) was examined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) (GF 5000, Australia). The results indicated that the ƩMetal concentration (Mean ±SD) in WCC, WC, CC, and SFC cafés were 1118.5±50.42, 663.64±40.79, 425.57±17.55, and 79.02±5.13 ng/m3, respectively. The mean bioaccessibility of Pb, Cr, Ni, and Cd was obtained as 39.7, 31.4, 7.35, and 74.6%, respectively. The results of risk assessment indicated that exposure to heavy metals in the indoor air of smoking cafés of Tehran is considered high.

摘要

PM _2.5的样本从36个咖啡厅，14个仅使用水管（WS）的咖啡厅，8个仅抽烟（CC）的吸烟室，六个抽水烟和香烟（WCC）的六个咖啡厅和八个咖啡馆的室内空气中收集了颗粒物在德黑兰没有发生吸烟（SFC）。之后，用原子吸收分光光度计（AAS）（澳大利亚GF 5000）检测铅（Pb），镉（Cd），镍（Ni）和铬（Cr）的浓度。结果表明，WCC，WC，CC和SFC咖啡厅的Ʃ金属浓度（平均值±SD）分别为1118.5±50.42、663.64±40.79、425.57±17.55和79.02±5.13 ng / m3。Pb，Cr，Ni和Cd的平均生物可及性分别为39.7、31.4、7.35和74.6％。