SUMMARY Cadmium is a heavy metal and non-essential in animal nutrition. In practice, cadmium toxicity is quite rare in farm animals because the level in commercial diets is very low. However, cadmium-contaminated feedstuffs in the diet may cause toxicity. When it is absorbed from the digestive system, it accumulates in the body tissues, primarily the kidneys and liver, and causes metabolic and physiological inconveniences in the body. This leads to economic losses due to the resulting decrease in feed intake and egg production. It can lead to higher mortality depending on the level and duration of exposure. The toxic level of cadmium varies according to the bird species and their ages, e.g. chickens are more sensitive than quail. Low dietary cadmium doses (<10 mg/kg) can have positive effects on production and eggshell quality, but higher doses of cadmium (>10 mg/kg) lead to toxicity symptoms, worsening productive performance and eggshell quality in poultry. Dietary zinc, selenium, vitamins and plant extracts have been shown to help to eliminate the negative consequences of cadmium contamination in feedstuffs. However, further studies are needed to determine the toxic levels, and the possible positive effects of cadmium on performance and product quality when used at lower doses in poultry.

中文翻译：

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评估家禽中镉的膳食存在或使用

总结 镉是一种重金属，在动物营养中是非必需的。在实践中，镉毒性在农场动物中非常罕见，因为商业饮食中的含量非常低。但是，日粮中受镉污染的饲料可能会引起毒性。当它从消化系统被吸收时，它会在身体组织中积聚，主要是肾脏和肝脏，并导致身体代谢和生理上的不便。这会导致采食量和产蛋量下降，从而导致经济损失。根据暴露的水平和持续时间，它可能导致更高的死亡率。镉的毒性水平因鸟类种类及其年龄而异，例如鸡比鹌鹑更敏感。低膳食镉剂量 (<10 mg/kg) 可对生产和蛋壳质量产生积极影响，但较高剂量的镉 (>10 mg/kg) 会导致中毒症状，降低家禽的生产性能和蛋壳质量。膳食锌、硒、维生素和植物提取物已被证明有助于消除饲料中镉污染的负面影响。然而，需要进一步研究以确定毒性水平，以及当在家禽中使用较低剂量的镉时，镉对性能和产品质量可能产生的积极影响。