SUMMARY Chromolaena odorata (commonly known as Jack in the Bush, a thoroughwort of the Aster family) contains polyphenols and antioxidant enzymes that activate biology defence mechanisms and stress-sensing transcription factors to prevent oxidative damage and heat stress in chicken. Dietary inclusions of C. odorata leaf meal at 12%, and C. odorata crude flavonoids at 400 mg/kg/d have been shown to exert competitive exclusion effects to enhance gut eubiosis, humoral immunity, hypoglycaemia and metabolic functions necessary to attenuate oxidative stress in chickens. Ethanol extract of the plant at 25–400 µg/ml showed a strong antioxidant capacity in vitro, similar to 10–80 µg/ml standard ascorbic acid administration. Chromomoric acid C-1 from C. odorata methanol extract, at 10 µg, demonstrated anti-inflammatory potential by activating Nrf2 and suppressing NF-κB in a luciferase reporter assay at an inhibition capacity (IC50) of 6.9 µM. These biological defence properties of this plant have the potential to maintain microbial homeostasis and gut integrity, enhance antioxidative physiology for cellular oxidative balance, and mitigate oxidative damage in the presence of heat stress. The invasive nature of the plant in the humid tropics makes it a readily available and a cheap bioresource. Hepatotoxic, mutagenic and cytotoxic evaluations suggested that the aerial parts of the herbal plant are safe for use in animal nutrition.

中文翻译：

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Chromolaena odorata 作为一种潜在的饲料添加剂生物资源，可减轻潮湿热带地区鸡的热应激

总结 Chromolaena odorata（俗称 Jack in the Bush，是紫菀科的一种彻头彻尾的植物）含有多酚和抗氧化酶，可激活生物防御机制和应激感应转录因子，以防止鸡的氧化损伤和热应激。12% 的 C. odorata 叶粉和 400 mg/kg/d 的 C. odorata 粗黄酮类化合物的膳食内含物已被证明发挥竞争性排斥作用，以增强肠道优生、体液免疫、低血糖和减轻氧化应激所需的代谢功能在鸡。25–400 µg/ml 的植物乙醇提取物在体外显示出很强的抗氧化能力，类似于 10–80 µg/ml 标准抗坏血酸给药。来自 C. odorata 甲醇提取物的铬酸 C-1，10 µg，通过激活 Nrf2 并在荧光素酶报告基因检测中以 6.9 µM 的抑制能力 (IC50) 抑制 NF-κB，证明了抗炎潜力。这种植物的这些生物防御特性有可能维持微生物稳态和肠道完整性，增强细胞氧化平衡的抗氧化生理，并减轻热应激下的氧化损伤。该植物在潮湿热带地区的入侵性质使其成为一种容易获得且廉价的生物资源。肝毒性、致突变性和细胞毒性评估表明，草本植物的地上部分可安全用于动物营养。这种植物的这些生物防御特性有可能维持微生物稳态和肠道完整性，增强细胞氧化平衡的抗氧化生理，并减轻热应激下的氧化损伤。该植物在潮湿热带地区的入侵性质使其成为一种容易获得且廉价的生物资源。肝毒性、致突变性和细胞毒性评估表明，草本植物的地上部分可安全用于动物营养。这种植物的这些生物防御特性有可能维持微生物稳态和肠道完整性，增强细胞氧化平衡的抗氧化生理，并减轻热应激下的氧化损伤。该植物在潮湿热带地区的入侵性质使其成为一种容易获得且廉价的生物资源。肝毒性、致突变性和细胞毒性评估表明，草本植物的地上部分可安全用于动物营养。