ABSTRACT Comprehending the characteristics of infiltration is essential for conserving spring recharge areas, particularly on hillslopes of a Quaternary volcanic landscape. Quantitative investigations were carried out to identify soil physical properties and morphological features related to infiltration behavior. We used 15 transects with 70 sampling points in total to collect soil samples, observed morphological characteristics, and measured the infiltration. Data analysis employed statistical methods, including principal component analysis (PCA) and K-means cluster analysis. PCA revealed that infiltration was strongly correlated with slope, slope length, surface curvature, and slope position and that it was a function of soil physical properties, i.e., soil moisture, particle size distribution, and bulk density. The K-means cluster analysis classified the sampling points into four clusters that corresponded to three slope positions, namely upper slope, middle slope, and footslope. The high infiltration rate in the middle slope was caused by the relatively steep slope, sandy soil texture, low soil moisture, and low bulk density. On the contrary, the relatively flat slope, high clay content, high soil moisture, and high bulk density of the footslope created a low infiltration rate. According to these infiltration parameters, the preferred area for spring water catchment conservation was the middle slope.

中文翻译：

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印度尼西亚龙目岛林贾尼火山南翼第四纪火山景观的主成分分析和 K 均值聚类分析的入渗表征

摘要 理解入渗特征对于保护春季补给区至关重要，特别是在第四纪火山景观的山坡上。进行了定量调查，以确定与入渗行为相关的土壤物理特性和形态特征。共采用15条样带、70个采样点采集土壤样品，观察形态特征，测量入渗量。数据分析采用统计方法，包括主成分分析（PCA）和K-means聚类分析。PCA 揭示入渗与坡度、坡长、表面曲率和坡位置密切相关，并且它是土壤物理性质的函数，即土壤水分、粒度分布和容重。K-means聚类分析将采样点分为四个聚类，分别对应三个坡位，即上坡、中坡和下坡。中坡的高入渗率是由于坡度相对陡峭，土壤质地为沙质，土壤水分低，容重低。相反，相对平坦的坡度、高粘土含量、高土壤水分和高容重的脚坡造成了低下渗率。根据这些入渗参数，泉水集水区保护的首选区域是中坡。土壤湿度低，容重低。相反，相对平坦的坡度、高粘土含量、高土壤水分和高容重的脚坡造成了低下渗率。根据这些入渗参数，泉水集水区保护的首选区域是中坡。土壤湿度低，容重低。相反，相对平坦的坡度、高粘土含量、高土壤水分和高容重的脚坡造成了低下渗率。根据这些入渗参数，泉水集水区保护的首选区域是中坡。