Abstract Membranes have been widely used in low-level radioactive wastewater (LLRW) treatment and are under irradiation as a result of radioactive nuclides present in the wastewater, which may cause damage to the membranes and weaken their performances. Irradiation-induced material property changes of several organic membrane matrices and modifiers at different gamma irradiation doses were investigated in this work. The organics and membrane samples were irradiated using a 60Co source at a range of irradiation doses of 0 to 100 kGy. The effects of irradiation on these materials were detected using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra, ultraviolet spectra, and ion chromatography (used to detect membrane leakage). The results indicated that chain scission and cross linking occurred simultaneously in the membrane matrices, while the modifiers tended to polymerize during the irradiation process. As the irradiation dose increased, the chain scission and polymerization became more significant. The polyamide membrane was observed to be more irradiation tolerant in comparison with the other membranes used in this study. In regard to the modifiers, polyvinyl alcohol and 2,3-epoxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride showed significant structural changes at an irradiation dose of 2 kGy and polyetherimide and methyl methacrylate at an irradiation dose of 100 kGy, while chain scission was not detected in the other modifiers at irradiation doses of 2, 10, and 100 kGy, indicating that they remained relatively stable at these irradiation doses. These findings provide useful information for the application of membrane technologies in treating LLRW.

中文翻译：

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伽马辐照对有机膜材料的影响

摘要 膜已广泛用于低放射性废水（LLRW）处理，由于废水中存在放射性核素，膜受到辐照，可能导致膜损坏并削弱其性能。在这项工作中，研究了几种有机膜基质和改性剂在不同伽马辐照剂量下辐照引起的材料特性变化。使用 60Co 源以 0 至 100 kGy 的辐照剂量范围辐照有机物和膜样品。使用傅立叶变换红外光谱、紫外光谱和离子色谱（用于检测膜泄漏）检测辐照对这些材料的影响。结果表明，在膜基质中同时发生断链和交联，而改性剂倾向于在辐照过程中聚合。随着辐照剂量的增加，断链和聚合变得更加显着。与本研究中使用的其他膜相比，观察到聚酰胺膜具有更高的耐辐射性。在改性剂方面，聚乙烯醇和 2,3-环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵在 2 kGy 的辐照剂量和聚醚酰亚胺和甲基丙烯酸甲酯在 100 kGy 的辐照剂量下显示出显着的结构变化，而其他未检测到断链2、10 和 100 kGy 辐照剂量下的调节剂，表明它们在这些辐照剂量下保持相对稳定。这些发现为膜技术在处理 LLRW 中的应用提供了有用的信息。