ABSTRACT Powder mixed-EDM is a newly emerging proposed manufacturing process which can simultaneously shape and coat the surface of conductive materials. Transformation of machined surface is occurred through melting and chemical reactions of the added powders, tools materials and dielectric fluid due to elevated temperature generation during the operation. Though the biomaterials such as titanium alloy, magnesium, 316 L SS and Co-Cr alloy attribute to higher mechanical strength, corrosion and wear resistance, and enough biocompatibility, these are limited to apply directly because of releasing the toxic elements and having inferior biological responses. Surfaces of bio-implants made from these biomaterials are therefore protected using bioactive and biocompatible coating. Hydroxyapatite is a bioceramic that possesses bone like element composition and excellent biocompatibility. The PM-EDM process with hydroxyapatite can enhance not only adhesion strength and roughness but also biocompatibility of the treated surface. It is proposed in this paper that carbide and oxide coating formation can improve the microhardness, bonding strength and roughness of surface of the substrates. This study comprehensively reports the current status of adhesion and surface coarseness of bio-ceramics based coating through PM-EDM process. A comparative critical analysis of employing bio-ceramic powder using various deposition techniques is presented in this review.

中文翻译：

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通过 PM-EDM 对生物材料的生物陶瓷涂层附着力和粗糙度的综合评价

摘要 粉末混合电火花加工是一种新兴的制造工艺，可以同时成型和涂覆导电材料的表面。加工表面的转变是通过添加的粉末、工具材料和介电流体在操作过程中产生的高温发生熔化和化学反应而发生的。虽然钛合金、镁、316L SS和Co-Cr合金等生物材料具有较高的机械强度、耐腐蚀和耐磨性以及足够的生物相容性，但由于释放有毒元素和生物反应较差，限制了直接应用. 因此，使用生物活性和生物相容性涂层保护由这些生物材料制成的生物植入物的表面。羟基磷灰石是一种生物陶瓷，具有类骨元素组成和优异的生物相容性。使用羟基磷灰石的 PM-EDM 工艺不仅可以提高粘附强度和粗糙度，还可以提高处理表面的生物相容性。本文提出碳化物和氧化物涂层的形成可以提高基体表面的显微硬度、结合强度和粗糙度。本研究通过PM-EDM工艺全面报道了生物陶瓷基涂层的附着力和表面粗糙度的现状。本综述介绍了使用各种沉积技术使用生物陶瓷粉末的比较批判性分析。本文提出碳化物和氧化物涂层的形成可以提高基体表面的显微硬度、结合强度和粗糙度。本研究通过PM-EDM工艺全面报道了生物陶瓷基涂层的附着力和表面粗糙度的现状。本综述介绍了使用各种沉积技术使用生物陶瓷粉末的比较批判性分析。本文提出碳化物和氧化物涂层的形成可以提高基体表面的显微硬度、结合强度和粗糙度。本研究通过PM-EDM工艺全面报道了生物陶瓷基涂层的附着力和表面粗糙度的现状。本综述介绍了使用各种沉积技术使用生物陶瓷粉末的比较批判性分析。