Abstract

This research aimed to study the structure and magnetic properties of nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO) synthesized with various precursors in acidic and basic media deposited on glass mat. These nanoparticles were synthesized by sol–gel method using two different precursors such as nickel nitrate hexahydrate and nickel chloride hexahydrate at optimal temperature with the same concentrations. Deposition on glass mat was done during the synthesis process. According to X-ray diffraction pattern of synthesized nickel oxide nanopowders, it can be seen that the structure of samples is simple cubic with high crystallinity whose sizes were calculated applying Debye–Scherrer equation and it has shown that Nickel nitrate hexahydrate sample in basic medium has the smallest crystallite size (23 nm). The results of energy dispersive X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the amount of nickel elements in the nickel nitrate hexahydrate sample in basic medium was more than that in other samples. Scanning electron microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy used for morphological study of nickel oxide nanoparticles indicated that NiO nanoparticles were spherical in shape and the sizes of nanoparticles ranged from 52 to 54 nm. Additionally, the images showed that the nanoparticles in each sample arranged in a specific pattern on glass mat fibers. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used for the investigation of the chemical structure of the fabrics. Vibrating-sample magnetometer analysis has revealed that the obtained samples had ferromagnetic properties and only nickel nitrate sample in acidic medium reached saturation. Also, it can be seen that the magnetic properties of powder form of these nanoparticles are more powerful as compare with produced magnetic glass mat.

摘要

这项研究旨在研究沉积在玻璃垫上的酸性和碱性介质中，由各种前驱体合成的氧化镍纳米粒子（NiO）的结构和磁性。这些纳米粒子是通过溶胶-凝胶法使用两种不同的前体（如硝酸镍六水合物和氯化镍六水合物）在最佳温度下以相同的浓度合成的。在合成过程中在玻璃垫上进行沉积。根据合成的氧化镍纳米粉体的X射线衍射图谱，可以看出样品的结构为简单的立方晶且具有高结晶度，其大小是根据Debye–Scherrer方程计算得到的，表明基本介质中的六水合硝酸镍样品具有最小的微晶尺寸（23 nm）。能量色散X射线衍射分析的结果表明，在碱性介质中六水合硝酸镍样品中的镍元素含量高于其他样品。用于氧化镍纳米颗粒形态研究的扫描电子显微镜和场发射扫描电子显微镜表明，NiO纳米颗粒为球形，纳米颗粒的尺寸在52至54 nm之间。另外，图像显示每个样品中的纳米粒子在玻璃毡纤维上以特定的图案排列。傅里叶变换红外光谱用于研究织物的化学结构。振动样品磁力计分析表明，所获得的样品具有铁磁性能，仅酸性介质中的硝酸镍样品达到饱和。