Food system activities have modified 40% of the Earth’s terrestrial surface. These activities affect the sustainability of food systems – and their ability to provide agroecosystem services. Here, we compare three food systems in Bolivia. One is agro-industrial (soybean), one is indigenous to a Guarani community (maize and beans), and one is an agroecological, horticulture-based food system. We use the Agroecosystem Service Capacity (ASC) approach, which is based on a list of 23 agroecosystem services that allow the ASC index of farm-based agroecosystems to be estimated. Our findings show that agroecological (ASC = 2.57) and indigenous (ASC = 2.43) farm-based agroecosystems have a higher capacity to provide farm-based agroecosystem services than the agro-industrial (ASC = 0.82). This capacity differs because farmers in the agroecological and indigenous farm-based agroecosystems achieve a higher structural diversity and know how to use more agroecosystem services. These results could promote more sustainable food systems by fostering agricultural landscapes that provide a diversity of farm-based agroecosystem services.

粮食系统的活动已经改变了地球40％的地面。这些活动影响粮食系统的可持续性及其提供农业生态系统服务的能力。在这里，我们比较了玻利维亚的三种食品系统。一种是农产工业（大豆），一种是瓜拉尼社区的土著（玉米和豆类），一种是农业生态，园艺为基础的粮食系统。我们使用农业生态系统服务能力（ASC）方法，该方法基于23种农业生态系统服务的列表，这些服务可以估算基于农场的农业生态系统的ASC指数。我们的发现表明，基于农业的农业生态系统（ASC = 2.57）和基于土著的农业生态系统（ASC = 2.43）具有比提供农业工业（ASC = 0.82）更高的能力来提供基于农场的农业生态系统服务。这种能力之所以有所不同，是因为农业生态和本地农业生态系统中的农民实现了更高的结构多样性，并且知道如何使用更多的农业生态系统服务。这些结果可以通过培育农业景观，从而提供更多基于农场的农业生态系统服务，从而促进更可持续的粮食系统。