Reduction in the population of pollinators can compromise the stability of natural and agricultural ecosystems. One cause of this reduction is contact between pollinators and pesticides. More specifically, pollen and nectar which contain pesticide residues are carried into the colony, in turn, decreasing the resistance of bees to parasites. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the mortality and food consumption of Apis mellifera workers infected, or not, with Nosema microsporidia spores and exposed to a diet containing Roundup® at the field dose recommended by the manufacturer. Each bioassay was composed of four dietary treatments: control, Roundup®, Nosema microsporidia spores, and both Roundup® and Nosema microsporidia spores. Results of both winter and spring bioassays showed that the interaction between Roundup® and Nosema microsporidia significantly reduced survival rate and increased food consumption of the bees. Therefore, it can be concluded that the large amounts of glyphosate-based herbicides employed on extensive monocultures can, under current agroecosystem conditions, compromise the survival of A. mellifera colonies.

中文翻译：

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基于草甘膦的除草剂和 Nosema sp。微孢子虫在实验室条件下降低蜜蜂 (Apis mellifera L.) 的生存能力

传粉者数量的减少会损害自然和农业生态系统的稳定性。这种减少的一个原因是传粉媒介和杀虫剂之间的接触。更具体地说，含有农药残留的花粉和花蜜被带入蜂群，从而降低蜜蜂对寄生虫的抵抗力。因此，本研究旨在评估感染或未感染 Nosema microsporidia 孢子并暴露于含有制造商推荐的田间剂量的农达®的饮食中的蜜蜂工人的死亡率和食物消耗量。每个生物测定由四种饮食处理组成：对照、Roundup®、Nosema microsporidia 孢子，以及 Roundup® 和 Nosema microsporidia 孢子。冬季和春季生物测定的结果表明，农达®和 Nosema microsporidia 之间的相互作用显着降低了蜜蜂的存活率并增加了蜜蜂的食物消耗。因此，可以得出结论，在当前的农业生态系统条件下，广泛的单一栽培中使用的大量基于草甘膦的除草剂会损害 A. mellifera 菌落的生存。