Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) has largely failed as a source of extractable honey from present day cultivated hybrids in India since 1999. So, the amount and rhythms of nectar secretion measured as dry nectar sugars (DNS) of 6 hybrids and 2 old populations were evaluated. Three day old florets (DOF) produced maximum DNS (0.891 mg/floret) at 1000 h and in the outermost ring of the capitulum (0.917 mg). Per floret production of DNS in populations was 17.7% higher (0.974 mg) than hybrids (0.803 mg). Population HS-1 and Morden produced maximum DNS per floret (1.004 and 0.943 mg) and DK-3849 was the only comparable hybrid (0.993 mg). Noticeable reduction (14.2–37.5%) was recorded in the rest of hybrids, maximum being in HSFH-1183 (37.5%) followed by Pioneer 64A57 (33.1%). Per hectare, DNS production too was higher (10.2%) in populations (174.3 kg) than hybrids (145.8 kg) although hybrid HSFH-848 was most copious (200.0 kg/ha) followed by populations Morden (188.1) and HS-1 (160.6 kg), other 5 hybrids yielding a low DNS of 116.3–142.5 kg/ha. Populations outperformed hybrids in all DNS production factors viz. per floret (0.974 mg), by florets in their life cycle of 3 days (2.921 mg), per capitulum (3137.5 mg) and per hectare basis (174.3 kg). High DNS producing old populations Morden and HS-1 recorded lowest honey bee abundance (0.33 and 0.47 bees/capitulum/minutes⁻²) than hybrids (0.51–0.69 bees) except Pioneer 64A57 which despite the lowest DNS (116.3 kg/ha) recorded maximum abundance (0.69 bees), indicating their preference for pollen. Studies attribute non extraction of honey to lower nectar production by a majority (83.3%) of new hybrids than old populations.

向日葵 ( Helianthus annuus )L.) 自 1999 年以来在印度作为可提取蜂蜜的来源在很大程度上失败了。因此，评估了 6 个杂种和 2 个老种群的干花蜜糖 (DNS) 测量的花蜜分泌量和节律。3 日龄小花 (DOF) 在 1000 小时和花冠最外环 (0.917 mg) 产生最大 DNS (0.891 mg/小花)。种群中每朵小花的 DNS 产量（0.974 毫克）比杂交种（0.803 毫克）高 17.7%。种群 HS-1 和 Morden 每朵小花产生最大的 DNS（1.004 和 0.943 毫克），而 DK-3849 是唯一可比较的杂种（0.993 毫克）。其余杂种的显着减少 (14.2–37.5%)，最大的是 HSFH-1183 (37.5%)，其次是 Pioneer 64A57 (33.1%)。每公顷的 DNS 产量（10.2%）在种群（174.3 公斤）中也高于杂交种（145. 8 公斤）虽然杂种 HSFH-848 最多（200.0 公斤/公顷），其次是现代（188.1）和 HS-1 （160.6 公斤）种群，其他 5 种杂种产生的 DNS 较低，为 116.3-142.5 公斤/公顷。在所有 DNS 生产因素中，种群的表现都优于杂种，即。每小花（0.974 毫克），按小花在其 3 天（2.921 毫克）的生命周期、每头花（3137.5 毫克）和每公顷（174.3 公斤）的生命周期中计算。高 DNS 产生老种群 Morden 和 HS-1 记录了最低的蜜蜂丰度（0.33 和 0.47 蜜蜂/头/分钟 5 毫克）和每公顷（174.3 公斤）。高 DNS 产生老种群 Morden 和 HS-1 记录了最低的蜜蜂丰度（0.33 和 0.47 蜜蜂/头/分钟 5 毫克）和每公顷（174.3 公斤）。高 DNS 产生老种群 Morden 和 HS-1 记录了最低的蜜蜂丰度（0.33 和 0.47 蜜蜂/头/分钟^-2）比杂交种（0.51-0.69 蜜蜂）除了 Pioneer 64A57，尽管 DNS 最低（116.3 kg/ha）记录了最大丰度（0.69 蜜蜂），表明它们偏爱花粉。研究将不提取蜂蜜归因于大多数（83.3％）新杂交种的花蜜产量低于老种群。