Funding information Canada First Research Excellence Fund (CFREF) Global Water Futures, Grant/Award Number: 2007922 Abstract Resource extraction in Canada’s boreal ecozone increases the risk of contaminant release into the area’s extensive bog and fen peatlands. Lateral spreading, then upwards transport of solutes into the vadose zone of these moss-dominated ecosystems, could be toxic to vegetation. To evaluate the rate and character of contaminant rise in a subarctic bog, vadose zone-specific conductance and water content were measured in four hummocks ∼5 m downslope of a 45-d 300-mg L−1 NaCl release. Four 30-cm-deep hummock peat mesocosms were extracted adjacent to the release site for an unsaturated evaporation-driven NaCl breakthrough experiment and subsequent parameterization. The field rate of solute accumulation was slower in near-surface (0–5 cm) peat, where low water contents limited pore connectivity. Solute accumulation was reduced by downward flushing by rain, though this was lesser in near surface moss where solute remained held in small disconnected pores. In the laboratory, Cl− rise reached the 15-cm depth in all mesocosms by Day 65. Sodium rise was 2.2 times slower, likely due to adsorption to the peat matrix. Rates of upwards solute movement were highly variable; the highest rates occurred in the mesocosm with small but hydrologically conductive pores near the surface, and the lowest occurred where vascular roots disrupted the physical structure of the peat. This research demonstrates that solute spilled into a bog peatland is likely to rise and be retained in the vadose zone. However, hydraulic and solute transport behaviors are sensitive to the vertical structure of peat, underscoring the need for extensive sampling and parameter characterization.

中文翻译：

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泥炭剖面的异质性及其在田间和实验室规模的不饱和氯化钠上升中的作用

资金信息 加拿大第一研究卓越基金 (CFREF) 全球水资源期货，赠款/奖励编号：2007922 摘要 加拿大北方生态区的资源开采增加了污染物释放到该地区广泛的沼泽和泥炭地的风险。横向扩散，然后向上运输溶质进入这些以苔藓为主的生态系统的包气带，可能对植被有毒。为了评估亚北极沼泽中污染物上升的速率和特征，在 45 天 300 毫克 L-1 NaCl 释放的下坡约 5 米处的四个小丘中测量了特定于包气带的电导率和含水量。在释放点附近提取了四个 30 厘米深的小丘泥炭中层，用于不饱和蒸发驱动的 NaCl 突破实验和随后的参数化。在近地表（0-5 厘米）泥炭中，溶质积累的田间速率较慢，其中低含水量限制了孔隙连通性。雨水向下冲刷减少了溶质积累，尽管在近地表苔藓中这种情况较少，因为溶质保留在不连续的小孔中。在实验室中，到第 65 天，Cl− 上升在所有中层世界中达到 15 厘米深度。钠上升慢 2.2 倍，可能是由于吸附到泥炭基质上。向上溶质运动的速率变化很大；最高的发生率发生在表面附近有小但具有水文传导性的孔隙的中宇宙中，最低发生在维管根破坏泥炭物理结构的地方。这项研究表明，溢出到沼泽泥炭地的溶质可能会上升并保留在包气带中。然而，