Funding information Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Grant/Award Number: 01LN1311A Abstract Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) represents a promising technique to cope with increasing water stress worldwide. However, it can be challenging to operate MAR systems, especially concerning clogging. Clogging reduces the infiltration capacity and system efficiency of a MAR facility. Processes that cause clogging are difficult to quantify and assess, and their simulations in MAR schemes have so far been limited. The variably saturated water flow model HYDRUS-2D was therefore modified to include time-variable hydraulic conductivities to more realistically represent clogging at the infiltration interface of infiltration basins and recharge wells. An exponential function with a time-variable scaling factor was implemented into HYDRUS to vary the soil hydraulic conductivity over time during simulations. The new approach was tested, in combination with the reservoir boundary condition, by simulating two-dimensional cross-sections of two three-dimensional laboratory experiments representing recharge from infiltration basins and injection wells. With the help of the time-variable scaling factor, the increasing ponding depth in both experiments due to progressive clogging was reproduced. Hypothetical simulations with various well configurations, soils, and injection rates indicate that clogging influences the infiltration volumes and subsurface infiltration area, which should be considered during the planning of MAR systems. The approach can be used to evaluate the resulting infiltration capacity numerically and to help with the operation and design of MAR facilities. However, further research is required to fully understand and integrate the processes that lead to clogging at MAR facilities into numerical simulations.

中文翻译：

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HYDRUS 中的比例因子，用于模拟补给井和渗透盆地渗透过程中水力传导率的降低

资金信息 Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung，赠款/奖励编号：01LN1311A 摘要 含水层补给管理 (MAR) 是应对全球日益严重的水资源压力的一种很有前途的技术。然而，操作 MAR 系统可能具有挑战性，尤其是在堵塞方面。堵塞会降低 MAR 设施的渗透能力和系统效率。导致堵塞的过程难以量化和评估，它们在 MAR 方案中的模拟迄今为止受到限制。因此，可变饱和水流模型 HYDRUS-2D 被修改为包括时变水力传导率，以更真实地表示渗透盆地和补给井的渗透界面处的堵塞。在 HYDRUS 中实施了具有时变比例因子的指数函数，以在模拟过程中随时间改变土壤导水率。通过模拟代表渗透盆地和注入井补给的两个三维实验室实验的二维横截面，结合储层边界条件对新方法进行了测试。在时变比例因子的帮助下，在两个实验中由于渐进式堵塞而增加的积水深度被重现。各种井配置、土壤和注入率的假设模拟表明，堵塞会影响入渗量和地下入渗面积，这在 MAR 系统的规划过程中应予以考虑。该方法可用于以数值方式评估产生的渗透能力，并有助于 MAR 设施的运行和设计。然而，需要进一步研究以充分理解导致 MAR 设施堵塞的过程并将其整合到数值模拟中。