Tennis is played on many different surfaces including natural grass, which plays fast because of low ball bounce (i.e., coefficient of restitution [COR]) and low ball‐to‐surface friction (coefficient of friction [COF]) that increase the pace (ball speed) of tennis. Effects of various C₃ turfgrasses on COF and COR have not been investigated. Our objectives were to evaluate eight cultivars of various species randomized within three official size tennis courts: (a) ‘Keeneland’ Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L., KB), (b) ‘Rubix’ KB, (c) ‘Villa’ velvet bentgrass (Agrostis canina L., VBG), (d) ‘Puritan’ colonial bentgrass (Agrostis capillaris L., CL), (e) ‘007’ creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L., CB), (f) fine fescue (Festuca sp., FF) mixture, (g) ‘Karma’ perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L, PR), and (h) ‘Wicked’ PR. Friction was measured using a weighted sled and ball bounce (BB) to derive COR was measured using a vertical drop height of 254 cm. Bounce (i.e., COR) to satisfy the International Tennis Federation (ITF) minimum of 50% BB (COR = 0.70) was not observed on any of the species evaluated. Species such as FF and PR were able to achieve BB to satisfy the ITF 80% BB minimum to that observed on smooth concrete. Linear regression indicated that 170g of surface hardness for FF and PR to as much as 200g on KB and higher on BG may be needed to achieve a COR = 0.70. Hemi‐ and lignocellulose cell wall fractions were correlated with COR and COF but exhibited significant and opposite relationships. Achieving higher COF may be a more practical means to slow court pace of notoriously fast grass courts. Future research will be needed to investigate the effects of cultural practices on COF.

中文翻译：

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网球用C3草坪草的种间比较：II。调查复制草地上的球摩擦，球反弹和相关因素

网球在许多不同的表面上打球，包括天然草皮，由于低球弹跳（即恢复系数[COR]）和低球面摩擦力（摩擦系数[COF]）而提高了步伐，因此天然草皮运动得很快（球速度）。尚未研究各种C ₃草坪草对COF和COR的影响。我们的目标是评估在三个正式规模的网球场内随机分配的八个品种的品种：（a）'Keeneland'肯塔基蓝草（Poa pratensis L.，KB），（b）'Rubix'KB，（c）'Villa'天鹅绒本草（Agrostis canina L.，VBG），（d）'清教徒'殖民地本草（Agrostis capillaris L.，CL），（e）'007'bent本草（Agrostis stoloniferaL.，CB），（f）羊茅（Festuca sp。，FF）混合物，（g）'Karma'多年生黑麦草（Lolium perenne L，PR）和（h）'Wicked'PR。使用称重的滑板测量摩擦力，并使用254 cm的垂直下落高度测量球反弹（BB）得出的COR。在评估的任何物种上均未观察到满足国际网球联合会（ITF）最低50％BB（COR = 0.70）的弹跳（即COR）。FF和PR等物种能够达到BB，从而满足ITF要求的80％BB最低要求（比在光滑混凝土上观察到的要低）。线性回归表明FF和PR的表面硬度为170 g，最高可达200 g为了达到COR = 0.70，可能需要KB上的最大值和BG上的最大值。半纤维素和木质纤维素细胞壁分数与COR和COF相关，但表现出显着而相反的关系。达到较高的COF可能是减慢众所周知的快速草场的步伐的更实际方法。需要进行进一步的研究以调查文化习俗对COF的影响。