The use of bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] and hybrid bermudagrass (C. dactylon x C. transvaalensis Burtt Davy) in lawns is rapidly increasing in Mediterranean Europe; however, the identification of optimal N fertilization practices is needed to shorten the long dormancy periods some cultivars undergo in these environments. A 2-yr study was conducted at the agricultural experimental farm of Padova University from May 2016 until June 2018 to compare the effects of three N fertilization rates (160 kg N ha⁻¹ without clippings returned, 80 kg N ha⁻¹ with clippings returned, and 80 kg N ha⁻¹ without clippings returned applied with a controlled-release fertilizer) on two bermudagrass cultivars (‘La Paloma’, ‘Yukon’) and two hybrid bermudagrass cultivars (‘Patriot’, ‘Tifway’) by measuring summer and fall quality, spring green-up, and root morphology. Bermudagrasses fertilized at 160 kg N ha⁻¹ without clippings returned slightly increased turfgrass quality in the summer, but higher turf quality was recorded in plots fertilized at 80 kg N ha⁻¹ with clippings returned after weekly mowing events in the fall. The same N rates had a positive effect on spring green-up for ‘La Paloma’ and ‘Tifway’; however, no benefits of increased N rates were detected on root morphology. Results suggest that returning clippings can be a powerful tool for reducing mineral N applications and increase growing season length in northern Italy.

中文翻译：

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剪报减少了欧洲地中海地区百慕大（狗牙属）草坪对矿物氮的需求

在地中海欧洲，百慕大草 [ Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] 和杂交百慕大草（C. dactylon x C. transvaalensis Burtt Davy）在草坪中的使用正在迅速增加；然而，需要确定最佳施氮方法，以缩短一些品种在这些环境中经历的长时间休眠。2016 年 5 月至 2018 年 6 月，在帕多瓦大学的农业实验农场进行了一项为期 2 年的研究，以比较三种施氮率（160 kg N ha ^-1不回收剪枝，80 kg N ha ^-1与剪枝回收）的影响, 和 80 kg N ha ^-1通过测量夏季和秋季的质量，在两个百慕大品种（'La Paloma'、'Yukon'）和两个杂交百慕大品种（'Patriot'、'Tifway'）上测量夏季和秋季的质量，春季绿化。 , 和根形态。以 160 kg N ha ^-1施肥且不剪枝的百慕大草在夏季恢复了略微提高的草坪质量，但在以 80 kg N ha ^-1施肥的地块中记录的草坪质量更高在秋季每周割草活动后返回剪报。相同的氮肥量对 'La Paloma' 和 'Tifway' 的春季绿化有积极影响；然而，没有检测到增加氮肥对根系形态的益处。结果表明，返回剪报可以成为减少矿物氮应用和增加意大利北部生长季节长度的有力工具。