This study analyzes spatio-temporal variability and erosion potential related to rainfall in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro (MRJ), considering the period of 1997 to 2016. The rainfall series of Alerta Rio system were used, which is composed of 33 rainfall stations. To establish the values of the erosivity index, a linear eq. (Y = a + bx) was used. Ordinary kriging and clustering techniques were used for the spatial analysis of rainfall and erosivity, and the time series were evaluated using parametric tests (Bartlett and Shapiro-Wilk) and descriptive statistics (mean, median, variance, asymmetry, kurtosis and quartiles). It was observed that about 85% of the annual average erosivity is concentrated between the period of September and April, corresponding to the period of greatest probability for erosion impacts occurrence. Results revealed a spatial structure in rainfall, which is directly associated with physiographic aspects of the MRJ and the impacts resulting from urbanization. The Shapiro-Wilk test indicated the predominance of non-significant results for the months of February and November, which is associated to the frequent occurrence of dry spells, atmosphere blockages (February) and transition between the dry and rainy seasons (November).

这项研究分析了里约热内卢（MRJ）市与降雨相关的时空变化和侵蚀潜力，考虑了1997年至2016年的时间。Alerta Rio的降雨序列系统由33个降雨站组成。为了建立侵蚀性指数的值，使用线性方程式。（Y = a + bx）被使用。使用普通克里格法和聚类技术对降雨和侵蚀力进行空间分析，并使用参数检验（Bartlett和Shapiro-Wilk）和描述性统计量（均值，中位数，方差，不对称，峰度和四分位数）评估时间序列。据观察，每年平均侵蚀率的约85％集中在9月至4月之间，这对应于发生侵蚀影响的最大可能性。结果揭示了降雨的空间结构，这与MRJ的地理特征以及城市化带来的影响直接相关。