Abstract The atmospheric pressure non-equilibrium plasma treatment of open-cell polyurethane foams is carried out using dielectric barrier discharges fed with helium and oxygen mixtures. During plasma processes, the discharge is ignited both outside the foam and within its porous structure to achieve the three-dimensional surface modification of the entire substrate. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results reveal the uniform functionalization of both the exterior and interior surfaces of the porous material with oxygen-containing groups. In addition, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy analyses confirm that surface chemical modification occurs with preservation of the foam polymeric skeleton. Scanning electron microscopy observations and water contact angle measurements show that the plasma-treated foams exhibit increased surface roughness and wettability, respectively. It is also observed that aging of the plasma-treated foams is more pronounced in water than in air, due to the inevitable dissolution of oxidized polymer fragments formed during plasma exposure. Finally, it is found that a simple post-processing step improves the capability of the plasma-treated foams to remove heavy metal ions from water, as demonstrated through Cd2+ adsorption experiments.

中文翻译：

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用 He-O2 馈电介质阻挡放电对聚氨酯泡沫进行大气压等离子体处理

摘要 开孔聚氨酯泡沫的大气压非平衡等离子体处理是使用由氦氧混合物供给的介质阻挡放电进行的。在等离子体工艺过程中，放电在泡沫外部和多孔结构内被点燃，以实现整个基材的三维表面改性。X 射线光电子能谱结果显示多孔材料的外表面和内表面均具有含氧基团的均匀功能化。此外，核磁共振波谱分析证实，随着泡沫聚合物骨架的保存，发生了表面化学改性。扫描电子显微镜观察和水接触角测量表明，等离子体处理的泡沫分别表现出增加的表面粗糙度和润湿性。还观察到等离子体处理的泡沫在水中的老化比在空气中更明显，这是由于在等离子体暴露期间形成的氧化聚合物碎片不可避免地溶解。最后，发现一个简单的后处理步骤提高了等离子体处理泡沫从水中去除重金属离子的能力，正如通过 Cd2+ 吸附实验所证明的那样。