A comprehensive understanding of the failure behavior and mechanism of coal is a prerequisite for dealing with dynamic problems in mining space. In this study, the failure behavior and mechanism of coal under uniaxial dynamic compressive loads were experimentally and numerically investigated. The experiments were conducted using a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) system. The results indicated that the typical failure of coal is lateral and axial at lower loading rates and totally smashed at higher loading rates. The further fractography analysis of lateral and axial fracture fragments indicated that the coal failure under dynamic compressive load is caused by tensile brittle fracture. In addition, the typical failure modes of coal under dynamic load were numerically reproduced. The numerical results indicated that the axial fracture is caused directly by the incident compressive stress wave and the lateral fracture is caused by the tensile stress wave reflected from the interface between coal specimen and transmitted bar. Potential application was further conducted to interpret dynamic problems in underground coal mine and it manifested that the lateral and axial fractures of coal constitute the parallel cracks in the coal mass under roof fall and blasting in mining space.

全面了解煤炭的破坏行为和机理是解决采矿空间动态问题的前提。本研究对煤在单轴动态压缩载荷下的破坏行为和机理进行了实验和数值研究。使用分开的Hopkinson压力棒（SHPB）系统进行实验。结果表明，煤的典型破坏在较低的加载速率下是侧向和轴向的，而在较高的加载速率下则被完全粉碎。对侧向和轴向断裂片段的进一步的断口分析表明，在动态压缩载荷下的煤破坏是由拉伸脆性断裂引起的。另外，数值模拟了煤在动载荷下的典型破坏模式。数值结果表明，轴向断裂是由入射压应力波直接引起的，而横向断裂是由煤样与传输棒之间的界面反射的拉应力波引起的。进一步进行了潜在的应用来解释地下煤矿的动力问题，结果表明，煤的横向和轴向裂缝构成了顶板掉落和矿井爆破下煤体中的平行裂缝。