The pollen intine plays important roles in pollen germination and tube growth, but related information in Ginkgo biloba remains unclear. We isolated and obtained de-exined pollen from G. biloba. Using fluorescent probes, we observed the strongest cellulose fluorescence in the pollen intine. De-esterified pectin immunolabeled with JIM5 was present throughout the entire cell wall, whereas esterified pectin recognized by the monoclonal antibody JIM7 was concentrated in some regions. Callose staining with aniline blue was observed across the entire surface of the pollen intine. These results were confirmed by Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) analysis. We also used proteomic approaches to identify different proteins between mature and de-exined pollen (48 h after hydration) in vitro. Based on mass spectrometry, de-exined pollen had more proteins than mature pollen, including calmodulin, serine hydroxymethyltransferase, β-galactosidase 6, and class IV chitinase. According to Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, the differentially expressed proteins were mainly associated with transportation, defense reaction, sugar metabolism, energy metabolism, signal transduction, and cell wall formation. These findings suggest that most proteins involved in pollen germination and pollen tube growth are synthesized during pollen hydration, indicating the important role of pollen hydration in the reproductive process of G. Biloba.

花粉的花粉在花粉的萌发和花粉管的生长中起着重要的作用，但是银杏叶中的相关信息仍不清楚。我们从银杏叶中分离并获得了已灭绝的花粉。使用荧光探针，我们观察到花粉intine中最强的纤维素荧光。用JIM5免疫标记的去酯化果胶遍布整个细胞壁，而被单克隆抗体JIM7识别的酯化果胶则集中在某些区域。在花粉的整个表面上均观察到苯胺蓝的ose染色。这些结果通过傅立叶变换红外（FTIR）分析得到证实。我们还使用蛋白质组学方法来鉴定成熟和去花粉之间的不同蛋白质（水合后48小时）体外。根据质谱分析，脱花粉的花粉比成熟花粉具有更多的蛋白质，包括钙调蛋白，丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶，β-半乳糖苷酶6和IV类几丁质酶。根据基因本体论（GO）分析，差异表达的蛋白质主要与运输，防御反应，糖代谢，能量代谢，信号转导和细胞壁形成有关。这些发现表明大多数与花粉萌发和花粉管生长有关的蛋白质是在花粉水合过程中合成的，这表明花粉水合在G. Biloba的生殖过程中具有重要作用。