Abstract We report a simple and relatively low-temperature method for producing graphitic carbon from renewable and abundant coconut coir. This study also aims to promote the utilisation and conversion of locally sourced coconut coir waste into value-added materials. We obtained amorphous charcoal by carbonising coconut coir and transforming it into graphitic carbon using a Ni-based catalyst at 1300 °C for 3 h. The HR-TEM, XPS, XRD and Raman spectroscopy results confirmed the structural transformation from amorphous to graphitic nanostructure. The formation of graphitic layers is observed in the form of well-defined lattice fringes that are separated by an interplanar distance of 0.3367 nm around Ni. Graphitic carbon has a high graphitisation degree of 84.88%, which is slightly lower than that of commercial graphite (90.23%). This structural change enhances the electrical conductivity of powder carbon from 14.97 to 25.75 S/cm under 741 kPa of pressure. Producing graphitic and conductive carbon from renewable coconut coir can alleviate the environmental burden of coconut waste.

中文翻译：

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通过低温催化石墨化从椰子废料中形成纳米结构的石墨碳

摘要 我们报告了一种从可再生和丰富的椰子壳中生产石墨碳的简单且相对低温的方法。本研究还旨在促进本地采购的椰壳纤维废料的利用和转化为增值材料。我们通过将椰子椰壳碳化并使用镍基催化剂在 1300°C 下将其转化为石墨碳来获得无定形木炭。HR-TEM、XPS、XRD 和拉曼光谱结果证实了从非晶态到石墨纳米结构的结构转变。石墨层的形成以明确定义的晶格条纹的形式观察到，这些条纹在 Ni 周围被 0.3367 nm 的面间距隔开。石墨碳具有84.88%的高石墨化度，略低于商品石墨（90.23%）。这种结构变化在 741 kPa 压力下将粉末碳的电导率从 14.97 S/cm 提高到 25.75 S/cm。从可再生椰子壳中生产石墨和导电碳可以减轻椰子废料的环境负担。