Abstract Surface icing and delamination damage have been tough problems of outdoor devices and equipment in many fields including aerospace, new energy and electronics. Herein, one new thermally resistant tri-layered composites with superhydrophobic surface and great self-healing after complete fracture were fabricated based on self-healable epoxy resin (hEP), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and superhydrophobic copper powders (nCu). Integrated properties of composites are greatly associated with the loading of CNTs. The composite with 10 wt% CNTs (nCu-CNT3/hEP-hEP) shows excellent superhydrophobicity, and its glass transition temperatures of bottom layer (hEP) and interlayer (CNT3/hEP) are as high as 110–113 °C, guaranteeing the dimensional stability during Joule heating. Under a voltage of 10 V, ice blocks on nCu-CNT3/hEP-hEP melt within 26 s and rolled off from the superhydrophobic surface with a 5° horizontal tilt. Besides, two pieces obtained by cutting a whole block of nCu-CNT3/hEP-hEP composite were replanted to produce a perfect block of the composite after staying at 160 °C for 1 h; moreover, the healed composite also exhibits excellent superhydrophobicity, proving good abilities to ensure lifespan of related products. The mechanism behind these remarkable properties of nCu-CNT3/hEP-hEP properties was elucidated.

中文翻译：

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具有良好耐热性和电热能力的超疏水自修复三层复合材料

摘要 表面结冰和分层损伤一直是航空航天、新能源、电子等诸多领域户外设备设备面临的棘手问题。在此，基于自修复环氧树脂（hEP）、多壁碳纳米管（CNT）和超疏水铜粉（nCu）制备了一种具有超疏水表面和完全断裂后具有良好自修复的新型耐热三层复合材料。复合材料的综合性能与碳纳米管的负载密切相关。含有 10 wt% CNTs 的复合材料 (nCu-CNT3/hEP-hEP) 表现出优异的超疏水性，其底层 (hEP) 和夹层 (CNT3/hEP) 的玻璃化转变温度高达 110–113 °C，保证了焦耳加热过程中的尺寸稳定性。在 10 V 电压下，nCu-CNT3/hEP-hEP 上的冰块在 26 秒内融化，并以 5° 的水平倾斜从超疏水表面滚落。此外，将切割整块 nCu-CNT3/hEP-hEP 复合材料获得的两块重新种植，在 160°C 下放置 1 小时后得到完美的复合材料块；此外，愈合后的复合材料还表现出优异的超疏水性，证明了确保相关产品使用寿命的良好能力。阐明了 nCu-CNT3/hEP-hEP 特性的这些显着特性背后的机制。愈合后的复合材料还表现出优异的超疏水性，证明了确保相关产品使用寿命的良好能力。阐明了 nCu-CNT3/hEP-hEP 特性的这些显着特性背后的机制。愈合后的复合材料还表现出优异的超疏水性，证明了确保相关产品使用寿命的良好能力。阐明了 nCu-CNT3/hEP-hEP 特性的这些显着特性背后的机制。