Abstract Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is one of the most commonly utilized low-cost 3D printing technology, which employs the hot-melt and adhesive properties of thermoplastic materials. As one of the most important classes of engineering thermoplastic polymer materials, polyamide (PA) possesses excellent comprehensive performance. However, the FDM fabricated products based on pure PA are seriously warped, distorted, and lack of shape stability due to the accumulation of shrinkage stress generated from the crystallization of polymer, which severely restrict the application of PA in FDM 3D printing. In this article, notable advances in FDM 3D printing of polyamide-based composites and the properties of the printed parts as well as their practical or potential applications are highlighted. The particular emphasis is placed on the formation and the performance of polyamide/polymer blends, inorganic particle reinforced polyamide composites, and fiber reinforced polyamide composites. Finally, the significant limitations, opportunities, and challenges are identified to motivate the future research on the FDM 3D printing of polyamide-based composites and its applications.

中文翻译：

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聚酰胺基复合材料的熔融沉积建模3D打印及其应用

摘要 熔融沉积成型 (FDM) 是最常用的低成本 3D 打印技术之一，它利用了热塑性材料的热熔性和粘合性。聚酰胺（PA）作为最重要的一类工程热塑性高分子材料，具有优异的综合性能。然而，基于纯 PA 的 FDM 制造的产品由于聚合物结晶产生的收缩应力的积累而严重翘曲、扭曲和缺乏形状稳定性，这严重限制了 PA 在 FDM 3D 打印中的应用。在本文中，重点介绍了聚酰胺基复合材料 FDM 3D 打印的显着进展、打印部件的特性及其实际或潜在应用。特别强调聚酰胺/聚合物共混物、无机颗粒增强聚酰胺复合材料和纤维增强聚酰胺复合材料的形成和性能。最后，确定了重大的局限性、机遇和挑战，以激发未来对聚酰胺基复合材料的 FDM 3D 打印及其应用的研究。