The main aim of the study was the investigation of the petroleum sludge genotoxic aspect by cost-effective way. Indeed, the work was done by assessing the micronuclei frequency (MN) and mitotic index (MI) using Vicia faba roots assay, after direct exposure in solid matrix. The petroleum sludge was highly cytotoxic as its MI was much less than the one of the positive control. The petroleum sludge exhibits a high genotoxic aspect in terms of MN (12.6$‰$) and MI (4.3%).

Secondly, petroleum sludge was subjected to landfilling and composting treatments. These treatments have led to the organic matter biotransformation, as demonstrated by physicochemical analyses. This biotransformation was more noteworthy in the case of composting by the high decrease of the total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) concentration. The TPH removal rate was 60.6 and 93.7% for landfilling and composting treatments, respectively. The genotoxicity test confirmed more the biodegradation of toxic compound in the petroleum sludge by composting and landfilling treatments. This positive effect was assessed by the increase of the MI by 42.9% and 62.5% for landfilling and composting, respectively. On the other side, the MN decreased by 69.8% and 85.7% for landfilling and composting, respectively. However, the Vicia faba test revealed that the genotoxicity was not only due to the TPH concentration, but the specific TPH characteristics can play a significant role. Somehow, the Vicia faba assay is a short, low-cost, and effective test to assess the TPH genotoxic biodegradation.

该研究的主要目的是通过经济有效的方式研究石油污泥的遗传毒性。确实，在直接暴露于固体基质后，通过蚕豆根测定法评估了微核频率（MN）和有丝分裂指数（MI），从而完成了这项工作。石油污泥具有高度的细胞毒性，因为其MI远远小于阳性对照之一。就MN而言，石油污泥表现出很高的遗传毒性（12.6$‰$）和MI（4.3％）。

其次，对石油污泥进行填埋和堆肥处理。这些处理导致了有机物的生物转化，如物理化学分析所示。在堆肥的情况下，由于总石油烃（TPH）浓度的大幅降低，这种生物转化更为值得注意。填埋和堆肥处理的TPH去除率分别为60.6和93.7％。遗传毒性测试通过堆肥和填埋处理进一步证实了石油污泥中有毒化合物的生物降解作用。垃圾填埋和堆肥的MI分别提高了42.9％和62.5％，从而评估了这种积极效果。另一方面，填埋和堆肥的MN分别减少了69.8％和85.7％。然而，蚕豆蚕豆试验表明，遗传毒性不仅是由于TPH浓度所致，而且特定的TPH特性也可能起重要作用。不知何故，蚕豆蚕豆试验是一种简短，低成本且有效的测试，用于评估TPH遗传毒性生物降解。