Polymers containing polyethylene glycols (PEGs) and Glutaraldehyde (GLA) cross-linker in the casting solution can improve the membrane performance such as porosity and swelling properties in the fabrication process. The highly hydrophilic polyethylene glycols (PEGs) including PEG 20000, PEG 6000, and PEG 1000 were utilized as the additives to modify the membrane structure. GLA was also added into the PEGs combined with a polysulfone (PSf) substrate to create a cross-linked polymer in the PSf membrane structure. This cross-linker significantly improved the water flux by increasing the porosity and decreasing the swelling within the PSf membrane structure. The hydroxyl hydrophilic functional group in GLA enhanced the water permeability by grafting the polymer chains. The newly developed cross-linker not only reduced the swelling in the membrane structure but also created tightly linked between the monomers to reduce the solute diffusion through the membrane. The presence of the PEG can enhance the TFC-FO membrane hydrophilicity by changing the PSf polymer nature, and PEG 6000 showed a better performance with macrovoid-free sponge-like structure and lower surface roughness. The combination of PEG 6000 (wt.% = 17%) and cross-linker exhibited an excellent performance with water flux of 6.22 L/m²h and reverse salt flux of 1.79 g/m²h when using 2 M NaCl as the draw solution and deionized water as the feed solution.

在浇铸溶液中包含聚乙二醇（PEG）和戊二醛（GLA）交联剂的聚合物可以改善膜性能，例如在制造过程中的孔隙率和溶胀性。包括PEG 20000，PEG 6000和PEG 1000的高亲水性聚乙二醇（PEG）被用作添加剂来修饰膜结构。也将GLA与聚砜（PSf）底物组合加入PEG中，以在PSf膜结构中形成交联的聚合物。该交联剂通过增加孔隙率并减少PSf膜结构内的溶胀，显着改善了水通量。GLA中的羟基亲水性官能团通过接枝聚合物链提高了水的渗透性。新开发的交联剂不仅减少了膜结构的溶胀，而且还建立了单体之间的紧密连接，以减少溶质通过膜的扩散。PEG的存在可以通过改变PSf聚合物的性质来提高TFC-FO膜的亲水性，而PEG 6000表现出更好的性能，无大孔隙的海绵状结构和较低的表面粗糙度。PEG 6000（wt。％= 17％）和交联剂的组合表现出优异的性能，水通量为6.22 L / m PEG 6000表现出更好的性能，无空洞的海绵状结构和较低的表面粗糙度。PEG 6000（wt。％= 17％）和交联剂的组合表现出优异的性能，水通量为6.22 L / m PEG 6000表现出更好的性能，无空洞的海绵状结构和较低的表面粗糙度。PEG 6000（wt。％= 17％）和交联剂的组合表现出优异的性能，水通量为6.22 L / m当使用2 M NaCl作为汲取溶液并用去离子水作为进料溶液时，反应² h，反盐通量为1.79 g / m ² h。