Clean water is an inevitable necessity in human life apart from food and shelter. Surface and underground water are the major sources of clean water. However, with the rapid growth in population and increasing industrial development in Malaysia, many water sources have become polluted. Hence, wastewater must be adequately treated prior to discharge into the environment. Currently, conventional treatment methods are not always effective towards complete removal of water contaminants. Phytoremediation technique is a branch of bioremediation that employs the application of plants for the remediation of wastewater. Aquatic plants have the capacity to absorb excess contaminants such as organic and inorganic, heavy metals, and pharmaceutical pollutants present in agricultural, domestic and industrial wastewater. Among the aquatic plants, Salvinia molesta and Pistia stratiotes have been widely used for the treatment of agricultural, domestic and industrial wastewater. The wide application of these plants is due to their availability, resilience in a toxic environment, bioaccumulation potentials, invasive mechanism and biomass potentials. This review paper covers the major roles and potentials of aquatic plants in phytoremediation of wastewater. It has also reviewed recent research work on the efficiency of Salvinia molesta and Pistia stratiotes plants in wastewater remediation and identified areas for further studies as we find stoichiometric homeostatic index and resource pulse effects studies of these plants is necessary in wastewater phytoremediation processes.

除食物和住所外，清洁水是人类生活中不可避免的必需品。地表水和地下水是清洁水的主要来源。然而，随着马来西亚人口的快速增长和工业发展的加快，许多水源已受到污染。因此，废水在排放到环境中之前必须经过充分处理。当前，常规处理方法并不总是对完全去除水污染物有效。植物修复技术是生物修复的一个分支，它利用植物的应用来修复废水。水生植物有能力吸收农业，家庭和工业废水中存在的过量污染物，例如有机和无机，重金属以及药物污染物。在水生植物中，Salvinia molesta和Pistia条纹已被广泛用于处理农业，家庭和工业废水。这些植物的广泛应用是由于它们的可用性，在有毒环境中的复原力，生物积累潜力，入侵机制和生物质潜力。这篇综述文章涵盖了水生植物在废水的植物修复中的主要作用和潜力。它还审查了近期有关Salvinia molesta和Pistia stratumtes植物在废水修复中的效率的研究工作，并确定了有待进一步研究的领域，因为我们发现这些植物的化学计量稳态指数和资源脉冲效应研究在废水植物修复过程中是必要的。