Objective

First, to review and critically discuss published evidence on psychosocial stressors, stress, and asthma in adolescents and, then, discuss potential future directions in this field.

Data Sources

The data source is the National Library of Medicine (PubMed database).

Study Selections

A literature search was conducted for human studies on stressors or stress and asthma between 2000 and 2020. Studies that were published in English, contained a full text, and included adolescents were considered for inclusion in this review.

Results

Compared with the available body of evidence in children and adults, relatively few studies have been published in adolescents. Current evidence suggests that exposure to stressors (at the individual, family, and community levels) or stress (acute and chronic) is associated with asthma and worse asthma outcomes, but such evidence must be cautiously interpreted owing to limitations in the design or the analytical approach of the published studies.

Conclusion

Future large studies with a prospective design should determine whether and how stressors or stress causes or worsens asthma in adolescents. At present, clinicians should assess exposure to stressors (eg, violence or abuse) and screen for anxiety and depressive disorders when caring for adolescents with asthma in addition to providing referrals to social workers or mental health professionals when appropriate. Public health policies are needed to reduce psychosocial stressors, such as gun violence and racism, in adolescents.

中文翻译：

---

青少年的慢性压力和哮喘。

客观的

首先，回顾和批判性讨论已发表的关于青少年心理社会压力源、压力和哮喘的证据，然后讨论该领域未来的潜在方向。

数据源

数据来源是国家医学图书馆（PubMed 数据库）。

研究选择

对 2000 年至 2020 年间关于压力源或压力和哮喘的人类研究进行了文献检索。以英文发表的研究包含全文，并考虑将青少年纳入本综述。

结果

与现有的儿童和成人证据相比，在青少年中发表的研究相对较少。目前的证据表明，暴露于压力源（在个人、家庭和社区层面）或压力（急性和慢性）与哮喘和更严重的哮喘结果有关，但由于设计或分析的局限性，必须谨慎解释这些证据已发表研究的方法。

结论

未来具有前瞻性设计的大型研究应确定压力源或压力是否以及如何导致或恶化青少年哮喘。目前，临床医生在照顾患有哮喘的青少年时，除了在适当的时候向社会工作者或精神卫生专业人员提供转介外，还应评估暴露于压力源（例如，暴力或虐待）并筛查焦虑和抑郁障碍。需要公共卫生政策来减少青少年的心理社会压力，例如枪支暴力和种族主义。