Pain and nicotine dependence are prevalent, co-occurring conditions posited to interact in the manner of a positive feedback loop; however, most research to date has been conducted among tobacco cigarette smokers. Initial evidence suggests that pain is a risk factor for greater e-cigarette dependence, and additional research is needed to examine covariation between pain and e-cigarette use. There is reason to suspect that pain-related anxiety (i.e., the tendency to respond to pain with anxiety or fear) may be associated with greater e-cigarette dependence and difficulty quitting, and that pain intensity and pain-related anxiety may interact to confer greater risk for e-cigarette use. The current study represents the first examination of cross-sectional associations between pain intensity, pain-related anxiety, and e-cigarette dependence, motivation to quit, history of lifetime e-cigarette quit attempts, perceived barriers to cessation, and negative expectancies during abstinence from e-cigarettes. Participants (N = 520 e-cigarette users, 52.1% female, M_age = 34.85) completed an online survey assessing health behaviors. Results indicated that pain-related anxiety was positively associated with e-cigarette dependence and perceived barriers to cessation (ps < 0.05). Pain-related anxiety was found to moderate relations between pain intensity and primary outcomes, such that pain intensity was positively associated with motivation to quit, likelihood of past failed quit attempt, and negative abstinence expectancies among participants who endorsed high (but not moderate or low) levels of pain-related anxiety. Future research would benefit from examining prospective associations between pain-related anxiety, pain intensity, and e-cigarette use/cessation trajectories among individuals with chronic pain.

疼痛和尼古丁依赖是普遍存在的、同时发生的情况，它们以正反馈循环的方式相互作用；然而，迄今为止大多数研究都是在吸烟者中进行的。初步证据表明，疼痛是电子烟依赖性增加的一个危险因素，需要进行更多研究来检查疼痛与电子烟使用之间的协变。有理由怀疑与疼痛相关的焦虑（即以焦虑或恐惧的方式应对疼痛的倾向）可能与电子烟依赖程度增加和戒烟困难有关，并且疼痛强度和与疼痛相关的焦虑可能相互作用，从而导致电子烟的依赖性增加。使用电子烟的风险更大。目前的研究首次对疼痛强度、与疼痛相关的焦虑和电子烟依赖、戒烟动机、终生电子​​烟戒烟尝试史、戒烟感知障碍以及戒烟期间的负面预期之间的横断面关联进行了研究。来自电子烟。参与者（N = 520 名电子烟使用者，52.1% 为女性，M_年龄= 34.85）完成了一项评估健康行为的在线调查。结果表明，与疼痛相关的焦虑与电子烟依赖和戒烟障碍呈正相关（ p s < 0.05）。研究发现，疼痛相关的焦虑可以调节疼痛强度和主要结果之间的关系，因此，疼痛强度与戒烟动机、过去戒烟失败的可能性以及支持高（但不支持中或低）的参与者的消极戒烟预期呈正相关。 ）与疼痛相关的焦虑水平。 未来的研究将受益于检查慢性疼痛患者中与疼痛相关的焦虑、疼痛强度和电子烟使用/戒烟轨迹之间的前瞻性关联。