Expansion and urbanization process of wild boar (Sus scrofa) populations lead to serious human–wildlife conflicts in many cities, e.g. in Budapest, Hungary. In this study we evaluated the penetration potential of the species into the inner urban areas by identifying the occurrence of wild boar and the quality of the habitat patches for them along an urban gradient from the periphery towards the centre. Wild boar rooting intensity, shrub cover and the availability of woody species giving favourable food to wild boar were measured in four different habitat patches. The availability of hiding shrub patches was much higher in the outer areas than in the inner ones. Similarly, the proportion of shrub and tree species providing favourable food for wild boar decreased towards the centre. Accordingly, we found rooting only in two areas nearer to the city boundary. Based on our results at the peripheral areas permanent presence of wild boar in near-natural habitats should be expected, but not in the inner green zones. We recommend to monitor the urban wild boar presence and evaluate the quality of urban green patches to mitigate problems related to the wild boars.

中文翻译：

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野猪 (Sus scrofa) 沿城市梯度的栖息地斑块的质量和利用

野猪 ( Sus scrofa ) 的扩张和城市化进程) 人口在许多城市导致严重的人类与野生动物冲突，例如在匈牙利的布达佩斯。在这项研究中，我们通过确定野猪的出现以及它们沿着从外围向中心的城市梯度的栖息地斑块的质量来评估该物种对内城区的渗透潜力。在四个不同的栖息地斑块中测量了野猪的生根强度、灌木覆盖和为野猪提供有利食物的木本物种的可用性。外部区域的隐藏灌木斑块的可用性远高于内部区域。同样，为野猪提供有利食物的灌木和乔木物种的比例向中心方向下降。因此，我们发现仅在靠近城市边界的两个区域扎根。根据我们在外围地区的结果，野猪在近自然栖息地的永久存在是可以预料的，但在内绿区不会。我们建议监测城市野猪的存在并评估城市绿地的质量，以减轻与野猪相关的问题。