An integrated photovoltaic-electrolyser with a solar collection area of 294 cm² was constructed and its performance, represented by the solar to hydrogen (STH) conversion efficiency and hydrogen production rate m_H2 in various outdoor and indoor conditions, was investigated by measurements of the product gas streams. The device was composed of silicon heterojunction photovoltaic cells integrated with an electrolysis cell using nickel foam electrodes coated with nickel iron oxide and nickel molybdenum on the anode and cathode side, respectively, with 1.0 M KOH electrolyte. Depending on the operating conditions, the STH efficiency was typically 3.4–10% and typical m_H2 of 30–60 mg h⁻¹, approximately corresponding to 1–2 W output power. When considering non-concentrating devices, the STH efficiency is one of the best for solar collection areas exceeding 100 cm² and the hydrogen production rate the highest reported for devices smaller than 1 m². The efficiency seems to depend mainly on the temperature, and less on the irradiance, reducing at a rate of about 0.35% (absolute) per 1 °C increase in ambient temperature, significantly steeper than the efficiency of the used photovoltaic cells, making it a possible concern for practical hydrogen generation.

中文翻译：

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环境条件对大面积集成光伏电解器运行的影响

构造了具有294 cm ²太阳能收集面积的集成光伏电解器，并通过测量以下参数来研究其性能，该性能由太阳能到氢气（STH）的转换效率和氢气生产率m _{H 2表示}。产物气流。该设备由集成有电解槽的硅异质结光伏电池组成，该电解槽使用分别在阳极和阴极侧涂有1.0 M KOH电解质的镍泡沫镍电极和镍钼氧化物涂层的泡沫镍电极。根据运行条件，STH效率通常为3.4–10％，m _{H 2}通常为30–60 mg h ^-1，大约相当于1-2 W的输出功率。当考虑使用非集中式设备时，对于超过100 cm ^2的太阳能收集区域，STH效率是最好的之一，而对于小于1 m ^2的设备，氢气的产生率是报道的最高。效率似乎主要取决于温度，而较少取决于辐照度，每降低1°C，环境温度下降的速度大约为0.35％（绝对值），比使用过的光伏电池的效率要陡得多，这使其效率降低。实际产生氢气的可能性。