Thin film solar cells, based on CIGS and perovskites, continue to enhance their market share as promising energy conversion devices for indoor and outdoor applications. Copper Indium Gallium Selenide (CIGS) has been known for its high absorption coefficient, tunable band gap and flexibility. Nevertheless, the use of toxic, regulated elements (Cd) and reliance on rare elements creates a huge barrier in the efforts to enhance the commercial market of CIGS. Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted increasing scientific and technological interest because of their high efficiency. This is due to their ability to fulfill the multiple roles of light-absorption, charge separation, and transport of holes and electrons in materials. Furthermore, they contain low amounts of rare earth materials. However, this technology is still limited by the stability, scale-up and the composition of materials. CIGS-Perovskite tandem solar cells continue to demonstrate very high efficiencies in excess of 24%. In this study, an overview of the recent developments in material specifications, deposition techniques and device architecture of CIGS and perovskite solar cells is presented.

中文翻译：

---

CIGS和钙钛矿太阳能电池–概述

基于CIGS和钙钛矿的薄膜太阳能电池作为有前景的用于室内和室外应用的能量转换设备，继续提高其市场份额。硒化铜铟镓（CIGS）以其高吸收系数，可调带隙和柔韧性而闻名。然而，使用有毒，受管制的元素（Cd）以及对稀有元素的依赖在努力提高CIGS的商业市场方面仍存在巨大障碍。钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）的高效率吸引了越来越多的科学技术兴趣。这是由于它们具有履行光吸收，电荷分离以及材料中空穴和电子传输的多重作用的能力。此外，它们含有少量的稀土材料。但是，这项技术仍然受到稳定性的限制，放大和材料组成。CIGS-钙钛矿串联太阳能电池继续显示出超过24％的超高效率。在这项研究中，概述了CIGS和钙钛矿太阳能电池的材料规格，沉积技术和器件结构的最新发展。