Due to the ever-growing threat of GPS spoofing, it has become necessary for the aviation sector to develop an effective means of detection. This article focuses on two complementary spoofing-detection techniques that are available on commercial GPS receivers and thus require no additional hardware to operate. The primary methodology for detection is using a combination of radio power monitoring metrics, levering both automatic gain control and C/N0 measurements, along with multiple correlations for signal distortion to provide a best practices spoofing-detection algorithm, which is able to distinguish between interference and spoofing. The article first assesses nominal statistics for both metrics compiled from more than 250 h of nominal data collected from multiple wide area augmentation system stations. These data are compared to previous collections to validate the thresholds and false alarms rates and establish a complete testing methodology. These tests and thresholds are then assessed with the Texas spoofing test battery series of GPS spoofing data sets to confirm detection capabilities. Finally, these tests and thresholds are applied to assess the GPS signal of six extended flights over the United States to assess the performance on an aircraft.

中文翻译：

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通过无线电功率和信号质量监测进行 GPS 欺骗检测的航空安全运营评估


由于 GPS 欺骗的威胁日益严重，航空业有必要开发一种有效的检测手段。本文重点介绍商用 GPS 接收器上可用的两种互补的欺骗检测技术，因此不需要额外的硬件即可运行。检测的主要方法是结合使用无线电功率监控指标，利用自动增益控制和 C/N0 测量，以及信号失真的多重相关性，以提供最佳实践的欺骗检测算法，该算法能够区分干扰和欺骗。本文首先评估了这两个指标的标称统计数据，这些数据是从多个广域增强系统站收集的超过 250 小时的标称数据中编制的。将这些数据与以前收集的数据进行比较，以验证阈值和误报率并建立完整的测试方法。然后使用德克萨斯州欺骗测试电池系列的 GPS 欺骗数据集对这些测试和阈值进行评估，以确认检测能力。最后，应用这些测试和阈值来评估美国上空六次长途飞行的 GPS 信号，以评估飞机的性能。