Independence of work and entropy for equal-energetic finite quantum systems: Passive-state energy as an entanglement quantifier.,Physical Review E

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Independence of work and entropy for equal-energetic finite quantum systems: Passive-state energy as an entanglement quantifier.
Physical Review E ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-23 , DOI: 10.1103/physreve.102.012145
Mir Alimuddin ₁ , Tamal Guha ₁ , Preeti Parashar ₁

Affiliation

Although entropy is a necessary and sufficient quantity to characterize the order of work content for equal energetic (EE) states in the asymptotic limit, for the finite quantum systems, the relation is not so linear and requires detailed investigation. Toward this, we have considered a resource theoretic framework taking the energy preserving operations (EPOs) as free, to compare the amount of extractable work from two different quantum states. Under the EPO, majorization becomes a necessary criterion for state transformation. It is also shown that the passive-state energy is a concave function, and, for EE states, it becomes proportional to the ergotropy in absolute sense. Invariance of the passive-state energy under unitary action on the given state makes it an entanglement measure for the pure bipartite states. Furthermore, due to the nonadditivity of passive-state energy for the different system Hamiltonians, one can generate

{Vidal}^{'}

s monotones which would give the optimal probability for pure entangled state transformation. This measure also quantifies the ergotropic gap which is employed to distinguish some specific classes of three-qubit pure entangled states.

中文翻译：

等能量有限量子系统的功和熵的独立性：被动态能量作为纠缠量。

尽管熵是表征渐近极限中等能量（EE）状态的工作内容顺序的必要和充分量，但是对于有限量子系统，该关系不是那么线性，需要详细研究。为此，我们考虑了一个资源理论框架，该框架以能量保存操作（EPO）为免费，以比较来自两个不同量子态的可提取功的量。在欧洲专利局（EPO）的领导下，专业化成为国家转型的必要标准。还表明，被动态能量是一个凹函数，并且对于EE态，它在绝对意义上与人体工程学正比。在给定状态的单一作用下被动态能量的不变性使其成为纯二分态的纠缠度量。此外，