Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is caused by the larval form of Echinococcus granulosus that can cause serious health and economic problems in the endemic foci. CE is globally distributed in various climatic conditions from circumpolar to tropical latitudes. Iran is an important endemic area with a spectrum of weather conditions. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of geo-climatic factors on the distribution of livestock CE in south-western Iran (SWI) in 2016 to 2018. Data of livestock CE were retrieved from veterinary organizations of four provinces of SWI. The geo-climatic factors, including mean annual temperature (MAT), minimum MAT (MinMAT), maximum MAT (MaxMAT), mean annual rainfall (MAR), elevation, mean annual evaporation (MAE), sunny hours, wind speed, mean annual humidity (MAH), slope, frost days and land cover, were analysed using geographical information systems (GIS) approaches. The statistical analysis showed that MAR, frost days, elevation, slope and semi-condensed forest land cover were positively and MAE, MAT, MaxMAT, MinMAT and salt and salinity land cover were negatively correlated with CE occurrence. MAE was shown to be a predictive factor in the stepwise linear logistic regression model. In short, the current GIS-based study found that areas with lower evaporation were the main CE risk zones, though those with lower temperature and higher rainfall, altitude and slope, especially where covered with or in close proximity of semi-condensed forest, should be prioritized for consideration by health professionals and veterinarians for conducting control programmes in SWI.

中文翻译：

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地理和气候因素对伊朗西南部囊型包虫病的影响

囊性棘球蚴病 (CE) 是由幼虫引起的细粒棘球绦虫这可能会导致地方病疫源地严重的健康和经济问题。CE在全球范围内分布在从极地到热带纬度的各种气候条件下。伊朗是一个重要的流行地区，具有多种天气条件。本研究的目的是确定地理气候因素对 2016 年至 2018 年伊朗西南部 (SWI) 牲畜 CE 分布的影响。牲畜 CE 数据来自 SWI 四个省的兽医组织。地理气候因子，包括年平均气温（MAT）、最低MAT（MinMAT）、最高MAT（MaxMAT）、年平均降雨量（MAR）、海拔、年平均蒸发量（MAE）、晴天时数、风速、年平均使用地理信息系统 (GIS) 方法分析了湿度 (MAH)、坡度、霜日和土地覆盖。统计分析表明，MAR、霜日、海拔、坡度和半凝集林地覆被呈正相关，MAE、MAT、MaxMAT、MinMAT和盐碱地覆被与CE发生呈负相关。MAE 被证明是逐步线性逻辑回归模型中的预测因素。简而言之，当前基于 GIS 的研究发现，蒸发量较低的地区是主要的 CE 风险区，但温度较低、降雨量、海拔和坡度较高的地区，尤其是被半缩林覆盖或靠近的地区，应该优先考虑卫生专业人员和兽医在 SWI 中实施控制计划。MinMAT和盐分土地覆被与CE发生呈负相关。MAE 被证明是逐步线性逻辑回归模型中的预测因素。简而言之，当前基于 GIS 的研究发现，蒸发量较低的地区是主要的 CE 风险区，但温度较低、降雨量、海拔和坡度较高的地区，尤其是被半缩林覆盖或靠近的地区，应该优先考虑卫生专业人员和兽医在 SWI 中实施控制计划。MinMAT和盐分土地覆被与CE发生呈负相关。MAE 被证明是逐步线性逻辑回归模型中的预测因素。简而言之，当前基于 GIS 的研究发现，蒸发量较低的地区是主要的 CE 风险区，但温度较低、降雨量、海拔和坡度较高的地区，尤其是被半缩林覆盖或靠近的地区，应该优先考虑卫生专业人员和兽医在 SWI 中实施控制计划。