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Distinctive mitochondrial and chloroplast components contributing to the maintenance of carbon balance during plant growth at elevated CO2
Plant Signaling & Behavior ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-24 , DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1795395
Avesh Chadee 1 , Greg C Vanlerberghe 1
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT Plant carbon balance depends upon the difference between photosynthetic carbon gain and respiratory carbon loss. In C3 plants, growth at an elevated atmospheric concentration of CO2 (ECO2) stimulates photosynthesis and raises the leaf carbohydrate status, but how respiration responds is less understood. In this study, growth of Nicotiana tabacum at ECO2 increased the protein amount of the non-energy conserving mitochondrial alternative oxidase (AOX). Growth at ECO2 increased AOX1a transcript amount, and the transcript amount of a putative sugar-responsive gene encoding a chloroplast glucose-6-phosphate/phosphate translocator (GPT3). We suggest that the elevated amounts of AOX and GPT3 represent distinctive mitochondrial and chloroplast mechanisms to manage an excessive cytosolic pool of sugar phosphates. AOX respiration could consume cytosolic sugar phosphates, without this activity being restricted by rates of ATP turnover. GPT3 could allow accumulating cytosolic glucose-6-phosphate to return to the chloroplast. This could feed starch synthesis or a glucose-6-phosphate shunt in the Calvin cycle. AOX and GPT3 activities could buffer against Pi depletions that might otherwise disrupt mitochondrial and chloroplast electron transport chain activities. AOX and GPT3 activities could also buffer against a down-regulation of photosynthetic capacity by preventing a persistent imbalance between photosynthetic carbon gain and the activity of carbon utilizing sinks.

中文翻译:

独特的线粒体和叶绿体成分有助于在二氧化碳升高的植物生长过程中维持碳平衡

摘要 植物碳平衡取决于光合碳增加和呼吸碳损失之间的差异。在 C3 植物中,在大气 CO2 (ECO2) 浓度升高的情况下生长会刺激光合作用并提高叶片碳水化合物的状态,但对呼吸作用的反应知之甚少。在这项研究中,烟草在 ECO2 的生长增加了非能量守恒线粒体替代氧化酶 (AOX) 的蛋白质含量。ECO2 的生长增加了 AOX1a 转录量,以及编码叶绿体葡萄糖-6-磷酸/磷酸转运子 (GPT3) 的推定糖反应基因的转录量。我们认为 AOX 和 GPT3 的数量增加代表了独特的线粒体和叶绿体机制,以管理过多的糖磷酸胞浆池。AOX 呼吸可以消耗胞质糖磷酸盐,而这种活动不受 ATP 转换率的限制。GPT3 可以使积累的细胞溶质 6-磷酸葡萄糖返回叶绿体。这可以促进卡尔文循环中的淀粉合成或葡萄糖-6-磷酸分流。AOX 和 GPT3 活性可以缓冲 Pi 消耗,否则可能会破坏线粒体和叶绿体电子传递链活动。AOX 和 GPT3 活性还可以通过防止光合碳增加和碳利用汇活性之间的持续不平衡来缓冲光合能力的下调。这可以促进卡尔文循环中的淀粉合成或葡萄糖-6-磷酸分流。AOX 和 GPT3 活性可以缓冲 Pi 消耗,否则可能会破坏线粒体和叶绿体电子传递链活动。AOX 和 GPT3 活性还可以通过防止光合碳增加和碳利用汇活性之间的持续不平衡来缓冲光合能力的下调。这可以促进卡尔文循环中的淀粉合成或葡萄糖-6-磷酸分流。AOX 和 GPT3 活性可以缓冲 Pi 消耗,否则可能会破坏线粒体和叶绿体电子传递链活动。AOX 和 GPT3 活性还可以通过防止光合碳增加和碳利用汇活性之间的持续不平衡来缓冲光合能力的下调。
更新日期:2020-07-24
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