Abstract Multibeam echosounding technique is used to provide sea-floor mapping with relatively high-quality level and requires an accurate positioning and attitude system. Integration of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and inertial navigation system (INS) is widely used for positioning and attitude control and is carried out using an inertial unit integrated with GNSS solution to provide the required accuracy. Recently, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Continuously Operating Reference Station (KSACORS) network GNSS stations were developed by the Saudi Geodetic Commission for Survey (GCS) to maintain an accurate GNSS positioning solution for governmental and private sectors within Saudi Arabia coverage area. This paper investigates the performance of the KSACORS-based network GNSS-INS integration for Saudi coastal hydrographic surveys and also investigates whether the archived accuracy fulfill International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) standards for all survey orders. To meet this objective, the KSACORS-based network real-time-kinematic (NRTK) and network post-processed kinematic (NPPK) solutions are integrated with INS solution. The implementation of the KSACORS-based NRTK and NPPK GNSS-INS integration methods shows that centimeters and arc-minutes level of accuracies for position and attitude solutions, respectively, can be successfully achieved throughout onshore hydrographic surveys. Also, it is shown that the KSACORS-based NRTK GNSS-INS and NPPK GNSS-INS integration systems fulfill IHO standards for all survey orders and can be employed for Saudi coastal multibeam echosounding surveys. The significant contribution of the paper is that it implemented the performance of KSACORS-based NRTK GNSS-INS and NPPK GNSS-INS integration systems for hydrographic surveying application and validated their accuracies against IHO standards.

中文翻译：

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评估基于 KSACORS 的网络 GNSS-INS 集成系统，用于沙特沿海水文调查

摘要 多波束回波技术用于提供相对高质量水平的海底测绘，需要精确的定位和姿态系统。全球导航卫星系统 (GNSS) 和惯性导航系统 (INS) 的集成广泛用于定位和姿态控制，并使用与 GNSS 解决方案集成的惯性单元来实现，以提供所需的精度。最近，沙特阿拉伯王国连续运行参考站 (KSACORS) 网络 GNSS 站由沙特阿拉伯大地测量委员会 (GCS) 开发，旨在为沙特阿拉伯覆盖区域内的政府和私营部门提供准确的 GNSS 定位解决方案。本文调查了基于 KSACORS 的网络 GNSS-INS 集成在沙特沿海水文测量中的性能，并调查了存档的准确性是否满足所有调查订单的国际水文组织 (IHO) 标准。为了实现这一目标，基于 KSACORS 的网络实时运动学 (NRTK) 和网络后处理运动学 (NPPK) 解决方案与 INS 解决方案集成。基于 KSACORS 的 NRTK 和 NPPK GNSS-INS 集成方法的实施表明，在整个陆上水文测量过程中，位置和姿态解决方案的精度分别达到厘米和弧分级别。还，结果表明，基于 KSACORS 的 NRTK GNSS-INS 和 NPPK GNSS-INS 集成系统满足所有调查订单的 IHO 标准，可用于沙特沿海多波束测深调查。该论文的重大贡献在于，它实现了基于 KSACORS 的 NRTK GNSS-INS 和 NPPK GNSS-INS 集成系统的性能，用于水文测量应用，并根据 IHO 标准验证了它们的准确性。