Clinical trials routinely involve multiple hypothesis testing. The closed testing procedure (CTP) is a fundamental principle in testing multiple hypotheses. This article presents an improved CTP in which intersection hypotheses can be tested at a level greater than $\alpha$ such that the control of the familywise error rate at level $\alpha$ remains. Consequently, our method uniformly improves the power of discovering false hypotheses over the original CTP. We illustrate that an improvement by our method exists for many commonly used tests. An empirical study on the effectiveness of a glucose‐lowering drug is provided.

中文翻译：

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改进的封闭程序，用于检验多个假设。

临床试验通常涉及多种假设检验。封闭测试程序（CTP）是测试多个假设的基本原理。本文提出了一种改进的CTP，其中交集假设可以在大于$\alpha$ 这样就可以在一定程度上控制家庭错误率 $\alpha$遗迹。因此，我们的方法相对于原始CTP统一提高了发现错误假设的能力。我们说明，对于许多常用测试，我们的方法都有改进之处。提供了关于降糖药有效性的实证研究。