Bedload transport is recognized as a key process in the development of river channel forms; however, most rivers suffer from an absence of data. Performing bedload measurements to document bedload transport rates is a challenge, as the deployment of traditional bedload samplers is time consuming and risky in floods. Consequently, bedload measurements are rarely executed. Alternative techniques are being developed to complement the use of traditional bedload measurements and to provide continuous monitoring. Passive acoustic measurements are made with hydrophones, measuring the underwater sounds naturally generated by bedload impacts in rivers. This paper proposes an innovative deployment of hydrophones to record bedload sounds at the scale of a cross section. The measured acoustic signals are interpreted with bedload samplings and with hydraulic and river bed parameters. Field experiments were done in 14 different sites, exploring a diversity of rivers. Bedload flux was observed to be the most consistent variable explaining the monitored acoustic power. Based on 25 experiments on 14 rivers, the cross‐section‐averaged acoustic power was related to the specific bedload flux and showed a good agreement (60% of bedload flux estimated within a factor of 2). The robustness of the obtained calibration curve remains to be tested. However, the potential of passive acoustic profiles to provide a continuous measurement of bedload sounds that could be used in the development of bedload gauging stations is shown.

中文翻译：

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床载运输的无源声学测量：走向总体校准曲线？

河床运输被认为是开发河道形式的关键过程。但是，大多数河流都缺乏数据。进行床载测量以记录床载运输速率是一个挑战，因为部署传统的床载采样器既费时又有洪水风险。因此，很少执行床载测量。正在开发替代技术，以补充传统床位测量的使用并提供连续监测。使用水听器进行无源声学测量，测量河床中床荷撞击自然产生的水下声音。本文提出了一种水听器的创新方案，可以记录横截面规模的床载声音。测得的声波信号通过基床采样以及水力和河床参数进行解释。在14个不同的地点进行了野外实验，探索了多种河流。床载通量被认为是最一致的变量，解释了所监测的声功率。根据在14条河流上进行的25次实验，横截面平均声功率与特定的河床通量有关，并显示出良好的一致性（估计的河床通量的60％在2倍之内）。获得的校准曲线的鲁棒性有待测试。但是，显示了无源声学剖面提供连续测量床载声音的潜力，该潜力可用于床载测量站的开发中。探索各种各样的河流。床载通量被认为是最一致的变量，解释了所监测的声功率。根据在14条河流上进行的25次实验，横截面平均声功率与特定的河床通量有关，并显示出良好的一致性（估计的河床通量的60％在2倍之内）。获得的校准曲线的鲁棒性有待测试。但是，显示了无源声学剖面提供连续测量床载声音的潜力，该潜力可用于床载测量站的开发中。探索各种各样的河流。床载通量被认为是最一致的变量，解释了所监测的声功率。根据在14条河流上进行的25个实验，截面平均声功率与特定的床荷通量有关，并显示出良好的一致性（估计的床荷通量的60％在2倍之内）。获得的校准曲线的鲁棒性有待测试。但是，显示了无源声学剖面提供连续测量床载声音的潜力，该潜力可用于床载测量站的开发中。截面平均声功率与特定的床通量有关，并显示出良好的一致性（估计的床通量的60％在2倍之内）。获得的校准曲线的鲁棒性有待测试。但是，显示了无源声学剖面提供连续测量床载声音的潜力，该潜力可用于床载测量站的开发中。截面平均声功率与特定的床通量有关，并显示出良好的一致性（估计的床通量的60％在2倍之内）。获得的校准曲线的鲁棒性有待测试。但是，显示了无源声学剖面提供连续测量床载声音的潜力，该潜力可用于床载测量站的开发中。