Glycine transporters (GlyTs) are Na⁺/Cl⁻-dependent neurotransmitter transporters, responsible for l-glycine uptake into the central nervous system. GlyTs are members of the solute carrier family 6 (SLC6) and comprise glycine transporter type 1 (SLC6A9; GlyT1) and glycine transporter type 2 (SLC6A5; Glyt2). GlyT1 and GlyT2 are expressed on both astrocytes and neurons, but their expression pattern in brain tissue is foremost related to neurotransmission. GlyT2 is markedly expressed in brainstem, spinal cord and cerebellum, where it is responsible for glycine uptake into glycinergic and GABAergic terminals. GlyT1 is abundant in neocortex, thalamus and hippocampus, where it is expressed in astrocytes, and involved in glutamatergic neurotransmission. Consequently, inhibition of GlyT1 transporters can modulate glutamatergic neurotransmission through NMDA receptors, suggesting an alternative therapeutic strategy. In this review, we focus on recent progress in the understanding of GlyTs role in brain function and in various diseases, such as epilepsy, hyperekplexia, neuropathic pain, drug addiction, schizophrenia and stroke, as well as in neurodegenerative disorders.

甘氨酸转运体（GlyTs）为Na ⁺ /氯^-依赖性神经递质转运，负责升-甘氨酸摄入中枢神经系统。GlyT是溶质载体家族6（SLC6）的成员，并且包含1型甘氨酸转运蛋白（SLC6A9; GlyT1）和2型甘氨酸转运蛋白（SLC6A5; Glyt2）。GlyT1和GlyT2在星形胶质细胞和神经元上均表达，但它们在脑组织中的表达方式与神经传递最相关。GlyT2在脑干，脊髓和小脑中显着表达，负责将甘氨酸摄取到甘氨酸和GABA的末端。GlyT1在新皮层，丘脑和海马中含量丰富，在星形胶质细胞中表达，并参与谷氨酸能神经传递。因此，抑制GlyT1转运蛋白可以调节通过NMDA受体的谷氨酸能神经传递，提示了另一种治疗策略。在这篇评论中