The chiral spin textures of a two-dimensional (2D) triangular system, where both antiferromagnetic (AF) Heisenberg exchange and chiral Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interactions co-exist, are investigated numerically with an optimized quantum Monte Carlo method based on mean-field theory. We find that: helical, skyrmionic and vortical AF crystals can be formed when an external magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the 2D monolayer; the sizes of these skyrmions and vortices change abruptly at several critical points of the external magnetic field; each of these AF crystals can be decomposed into three periodical ferromagnetic sublattices. The quantum ingredient implemented into the theoeretical framework helps to track the existence of AF skyrmion lattices down to low temperatures.

中文翻译：

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三角形单层反铁磁斯格明子的理论研究

二维 (2D) 三角形系统的手性自旋纹理，其中反铁磁 (AF) 海森堡交换和手性 Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya 相互作用共存，使用基于平均场理论的优化量子蒙特卡罗方法进行数值研究。我们发现：当垂直于二维单层施加外部磁场时，可以形成螺旋、skyrmionic 和涡旋 AF 晶体；这些斯格明子和涡旋的大小在外部磁场的几个临界点突然变化；这些 AF 晶体中的每一个都可以分解为三个周期性的铁磁亚晶格。实施到理论框架中的量子成分有助于追踪低至低温的 AF 斯格明子晶格的存在。