Mapping the density distribution and monitoring density changes under volcanoes and geological reservoirs is a major challenge in geology and volcanology. Muon radiography has a high potential to advance this field, but often there are no inexpensive high-end detectors available that are suitable for field installations. A DIRC-type Cherenkov detector as a muon camera has a small dimension and is suited for such field applications (MagmaDIRC idea). In measuring directions and energies of the incoming muons one can turn the mass density integrals along the lines of flight into a radiography image, and by discarting low-energy muons with their blurred angular information one obtains sharper images. In particular one may detect the time variation of the mass density distributions situated above the horizon line in a volcanic edifice that occurs when magma is filling its plumbing system or when the level of a lava lake changes. Using numerical simul...

中文翻译：

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利用DIRC原理进行的μ子射线照相术，用于测量火山和储液罐下的密度变化

绘制密度分布图并监测火山和地质储层下的密度变化是地质和火山学的主要挑战。Muon射线照相术具有推动这一领域发展的巨大潜力，但通常没有便宜的高端探测器可用于现场安装。作为介子相机的DIRC型Cherenkov检测器具有较小的尺寸，适用于此类现场应用（MagmaDIRC理念）。在测量入射的μ子的方向和能量时，可以将沿着飞行线的质量密度积分转换为放射线图像，通过散布具有模糊角度信息的低能μ子，可以获得更清晰的图像。特别地，可以检测到在火山岩填充其管道系统或熔岩湖水位变化时发生的火山大厦中位于地平线上方的质量密度分布的时间变化。使用数值模拟...