The knee joint is one of the most frequently injured joints in the body, and the resulting injury may often lead to the presence of a bloody effusion, or hemarthrosis. The acute management of this condition can have long-lasting implications, and may ultimately result in the early onset of osteoarthritis in this population. Heme, a breakdown product of erythrocytes, and associated pro-inflammatory mediators, are known to have deleterious interactions with cartilage and synovium. The presence of blood in a joint following injury can precipitate these effects and accelerate the degenerative changes in the joint. Currently, there is no consensus on the optimal management of a traumatic knee joint injury with a hemarthrosis. Nontraumatic hemarthosis, seen most commonly in hemophilia patients, has a set of established guidelines that does not routinely recommend drainage of the joint. This article presents a rationale for joint aspiration to minimize the harmful effects of blood following traumatic hemarthrosis.

膝关节是身体中最常受伤的关节之一，由此产生的损伤通常可能导致血性积液或关节积血。这种情况的紧急治疗可能会产生长期影响，并最终可能导致该人群骨关节炎的早期发作。血红素是红细胞的分解产物，以及相关的促炎介质，已知与软骨和滑膜具有有害的相互作用。受伤后关节中血液的存在会加速这些影响并加速关节的退行性变化。目前，对于创伤性膝关节损伤合并关节积血的最佳治疗方法尚未达成共识。非创伤性血肿最常见于血友病患者，有一套既定的指南，通常不建议进行关节引流。本文介绍了关节抽吸的基本原理，以尽量减少创伤性关节积血后血液的有害影响。