Abstract The aim of this study was to examine the time budgets of 20 lactating primiparous Italian Holstein cows and to determine the relationships between lying and standing behaviour, milk production and Body Condition Score in the first stage of lactation. Parturition period ranged from 15 September to 31 March and in the first seven lactation days all cows were equipped with individual 3-axes acceleration and angular displacement loggers, throughout 150 days for lying and standing behaviour measuring. Body Condition Scores (BCS) were estimated weekly, while milk production (in both morning and evening milking) and humidity and temperature air data were collected daily. Average individual milk yield was 27.3 ± 6.24 kg/d and milking time was 4.95 ± 1.94 min. Individual BCS was on average 3.46 ± 0.30 and standing daily time was 13.5 ± 2.26 h/d. Primiparous cows with BCS at parturition <3.25 quite regained BCS after 20 weeks of lactation, but produced on average 2.3 kg/d (p < .001) less than the other cows. Primiparous cows with standing time <14 h/d in the first 21 days of lactation showed higher BCS than the others cows (+0.11 on average, p < .001), but did not produce more milk (+0.1 kg/d, p = .25) on average and showed smaller Linear Score (logarithm transformation of milk somatic cell count) than other cows. Primiparous cows with standing time <14 h/d had higher number of lying bouts and less minutes between two lying bouts, probably due to a higher cow activity to feeding. Multiple regression on milk production showed a low effect of standing time, but primiparous cows lost 0.34 kg/d (p < .05) for each standing hour. HIGHLIGHTS Primiparous cows with standing time <14 h/d in the first 21 days of lactation showed higher BCS than the others cows Primiparous cows with standing time <14 h/d showed smaller somatic cell count Primiparous cows lost 0.34 kg/d for each standing hour

中文翻译：

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初产奶牛躺卧和站立行为、体况评分与产奶量的关系

摘要 本研究的目的是检查 20 头泌乳初产意大利荷斯坦奶牛的时间预算，并确定在泌乳第一阶段的躺卧和站立行为、产奶量和身体状况评分之间的关​​系。分娩期为 9 月 15 日至 3 月 31 日，在前七个泌乳日，所有奶牛都配备了单独的 3 轴加速度和角位移记录仪，在 150 天内测量躺卧和站立行为。每周估算身体状况评分 (BCS)，同时每天收集牛奶产量（早晨和晚上挤奶）以及湿度和温度空气数据。个体平均产奶量为 27.3 ± 6.24 kg/d，挤奶时间为 4.95 ± 1.94 分钟。个人 BCS 平均为 3.46 ± 0.30，每天站立时间为 13.5 ± 2.26 小时/天。分娩时 BCS <3.25 的初产奶牛在泌乳 20 周后完全恢复了 BCS，但平均产量比其他奶牛少 2.3 kg/d (p < .001)。泌乳头 21 天站立时间 <14 小时/天的初产奶牛比其他奶牛表现出更高的 BCS（平均 +0.11，p < .001），但没有产生更多的牛奶（+0.1 kg/d，p = .25) 平均和显示出比其他奶牛更小的线性分数（牛奶体细胞计数的对数转换）。站立时间 <14 小时/天的初产奶牛躺卧次数较多，两次躺卧次数之间的分钟数较少，这可能是由于奶牛的采食活动较高。产奶量的多元回归显示站立时间的影响很小，但初产奶牛每站立一小时减重 0.34 kg/d (p < .05)。