ABSTRACT

Subarachnoid Haemorrhage (SAH) is a type of stroke which is suggested to result in Executive Functioning (EF) deficits. Within the SAH research, EF is typically assessed as a unitary cognitive construct. Therefore, the nature and extent to which the different components of EF are impacted post SAH remain unclear. In this meta-analysis, 10 studies met selection criteria including 248 SAH participants, treated by endovascular coiling. Participants were assessed by EF measures and compared with 230 controls. Searches were conducted in November 2018 including Medline, PsychINFO, Web of Science, Scopus and CINAHL databases. EF measures were assigned to categories including Cognitive Flexibility, Working Memory, Inhibitory Control and Planning/Problem Solving [Diamond, 2013 Diamond, A. (2013). Executive functions. Annual Review of Psychology, 64(1), 135–168. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143750[Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]. Executive functions. Annual Review of Psychology, 64(1), 135–168. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143750]. A statistically significant effect was found for overall EF. Cognitive Flexibility (G = −0.76) and Inhibitory Control (G = −0.51) generated moderate effect sizes, while Working Memory and Planning/Problem Solving found a small effect size (G = −0.45 and G = −0.49, respectively). The I² statistic suggested small to moderate heterogeneity between studies, hypothesized to relate to different cognitive tools. Underlying components of EF appear to be differentially impacted post SAH, with Cognitive flexibility demonstrating the largest degree of deficit. Recommendations for a standardized and uniform assessment of EF post SAH are outlined.

摘要

蛛网膜下腔出血 (SAH) 是一种中风，被认为会导致执行功能 (EF) 缺陷。在 SAH 研究中，EF 通常被评估为单一的认知结构。因此，SAH 后 EF 的不同组成部分受到影响的性质和程度仍不清楚。在这项荟萃分析中，10 项研究符合选择标准，包括 248 名接受血管内弹簧圈栓塞治疗的 SAH 参与者。参与者通过 EF 措施进行评估，并与 230 名对照进行比较。搜索于 2018 年 11 月进行，包括 Medline、PsychINFO、Web of Science、Scopus 和 CINAHL 数据库。EF 测量被分配到包括认知灵活性、工作记忆、抑制控制和规划/问题解决等类别 [Diamond, 2013 戴蒙德，A.（2013 年）。执行职能。心理学年度评论，64（1），135 – 168。https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143750 [Crossref]、[PubMed]、[Web of Science®]  、[Google Scholar]。执行职能。心理学年度评论，64(1), 135–168。https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143750]。发现总体 EF 具有统计学显着影响。认知灵活性 (G = -0.76) 和抑制控制 (G = -0.51) 产生中等效应量，而工作记忆和计划/问题解决发现小效应量（分别为 G = -0.45 和 G = -0.49）。在我²统计表明小到中等的异质性研究之间，假设涉及到不同的认知工具。EF 的潜在组成部分似乎在 SAH 后受到不同影响，认知灵活性表现出最大程度的缺陷。概述了对 SAH 后 EF 进行标准化和统一评估的建议。