Abstract

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive malignant tumour which accounts for approximately 13–15% of all newly diagnosed lung cancer cases. To date, platinum-based chemotherapy are still the first-line treatments for SCLC. However, chemotherapy resistance and systemic toxicity limit the long-term clinical outcome of first-line treatment in SCLC. Recent years, targeted therapy and immunotherapy have made great breakthrough in cancer therapy, and researchers aim to exploit both as a single agent or in combination with chemotherapy to improve the survival of SCLC patients, but limited effectiveness and the adverse events remain the major obstacles in the treatment of SCLC. To overcome these challenges for SCLC therapies, prevention and early diagnosis for this refractory disease is very important. At the same time, we should reveal more information about the pathogenesis of SCLC and the mechanism of drug resistance. Finally, new treatment strategies should also be taken into considerations, such as repurposing drug, optimising of targets, combination therapy strategies or prognostic biomarkers to enhance therapeutic effects and decrease the adverse events rates in SCLC patients. This article will review the molecular biology characteristics of SCLC and discuss the opportunities and obstacles of the current therapy for SCLC patients.

摘要

小细胞肺癌 (SCLC) 是一种侵袭性恶性肿瘤，约占所有新诊断肺癌病例的 13-15%。迄今为止，铂类化疗仍是 SCLC 的一线治疗方法。然而，化疗耐药和全身毒性限制了 SCLC 一线治疗的长期临床结果。近年来，靶向治疗和免疫治疗在癌症治疗方面取得重大突破，研究人员旨在探索作为单药或联合化疗来提高SCLC患者的生存率，但有效性有限和不良事件仍然是治疗的主要障碍。 SCLC的治疗。为了克服 SCLC 治疗的这些挑战，这种难治性疾病的预防和早期诊断非常重要。同时，我们应该揭示更多关于SCLC的发病机制和耐药机制的信息。最后，还应考虑新的治疗策略，例如重新利用药物、优化靶点、联合治疗策略或预后生物标志物，以提高治疗效果并降低 SCLC 患者的不良事件发生率。本文将综述SCLC的分子生物学特点，探讨当前SCLC患者治疗的机遇和障碍。联合治疗策略或预后生物标志物，以增强 SCLC 患者的治疗效果并降低不良事件发生率。本文将综述SCLC的分子生物学特点，探讨当前SCLC患者治疗的机遇和障碍。联合治疗策略或预后生物标志物，以增强 SCLC 患者的治疗效果并降低不良事件发生率。本文将综述SCLC的分子生物学特点，探讨当前SCLC患者治疗的机遇和障碍。